Table of Content

25 October 2014, Volume 36 Issue 5

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Invited Special Paper

Debris flow dynamic models and numerical computation

HU Kai-heng;CUI Peng;LI Pu

2014, 36(5):  313-318. 

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Debris flow as one of the most active surface processes is an intermediate form of mass movement between mountain flood and landslide. It is a viscous and highly concentrated fluid-solid mixture, being shear-resistant like soil while flowing like water. As a typical multiphase flow, most of debris flows contain water, soil, rocks and gas, and have special inner structures. The solid grains of debris flows have very irregular shape, and their sizes range several orders of magnitude. The interactions between slurry and grain or grain and grain are complex. Therefore, it is very difficult to develop a dynamic model fully describing the debris-flow process. From the point of view of constituent prototype and motion description, the existing debris-flow dynamic models can be classified
into continuum, discrete medium, and hybrid medium models. The numerical simulations based on these dynamic models are widely applied to back-analysis of debris flow discharge, predicting inundated region, risk assessment, and evaluating protection engineering etc. Comparing with the motion process of debris flow, the formation process of debris flow is an interdisciplinary research subject, and needs more attentions. Moreover, how to coupling the two processes with different spatial and temporal scales is still a challenging issue.

Review Article

Spatiotemporal characteristics of debris flow in Jiangjia Gully

2014, 36(5):  319-324. 

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Debris flow over the world always moves in manner of intermittent surges, which is the most conspicuous appearance in Jiangjia Gully (JJG), Yunnan. More than fifty years of real-time observations of living debris flows in JJG have achieved a huge dataset of parameters concerning more than 10 000 surges, from which derive several fundamental features of the surge sequences: probability distribution of the interval, fluctuation and distribution of discharge, decay of the sequence, Hurst index and surge concentration in space and time. All these characteristics suggest that the surge sequence is a systemic behavior of some underlying dynamics and hints at some nonlinear dynamical mechanism of debris flow formation and evolution.

Effect of pore water pressure on the triggering and mobilization of landslides

ZHOU Gong-dan

2014, 36(5):  325-335. 

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Landslides (slope failure and debris flow) in nature are composed by masses of solid particles and pore fluids. Pore water pressure plays a key role in the triggering of slope failures and enhancing the mobility of debris flows. In this paper, the concept of pore water pressure and its measurement are demonstrated, and the research work about the development of the pore water pressure and its dissipation are also reviewed.

Formation mechanism and key prevention technology of rockfalls

HE Si-ming;WANG Dong-po;WU Yong;OUYANG Chao-jun

2014, 36(5):  336-345. 

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Rockfalls featured by burstiness and uncertainty are one of the most prevailing natural hazards in the mountainous regions of China. Research of the rockfalls disaster is relatively backward in China at present, and the key technology is insufficient in the field. In this paper, the formation dynamic evolution mechanisms of rockfalls were revealed based on the geological mechanical model, and the dynamic responses of rockfalls impact protective structure were studied. Furthermore, series energy consumption structures and materials were developed. These achievements were applied widely in various fields. Combining the demonstration projects, the technical system of rockfall preventions was established.

The mountain hazards development and its prevention methods of oil pipeline in#br# South-West China

KONG Ji-ming;QIU Hong-zhi;ZHANG Yin

2014, 36(5):  346-351. 

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Oil pipeline as a linear project, with features on complex disaster-pregnant environment, human disturbance and much scattered disaster points, the developments of disasters are vulnerable to the effects of natural conditions change and human activities. Due to the limit of expense of disaster control, a large number of disaster points cannot be all prevented. On the other hand, land for pipeline construction is temporary, which requires pipeline management project on land occupied minimumly, with minimum possible structural measures to maximize the effect of pipeline protection. Base on the unique features of engineering and the requirements on disaster control, it is very important to establish a set of mountain hazards sentenced early identification, determining the type of disaster, prevention and control technology to adapt to the environment of pipeline engineering. On the basis of many years of research methods and techniques of mountain disaster prevention theory, combined with the practices of southwest pipeline construction, a set of theoretical methods and key technologies of mountain hazards for construction of pipeline in mountain are established, which is successfully applied to the construction and operation of oil pipeline for Sinopec to ensure that the safety of oil pipeline in the mountains.

The application of the internet of things technology in mountainous hazards monitoring and#br# warning: demand, current situation, problem and breakthrough prospect

CHEN Ning-sheng;DING Hai-tao

2014, 36(5):  352-355. 

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China is one of the most widely distributed states of mountainous region in the world. Mountain hazards of the region such as flash flood, debris flow, landslide are very developed. With the development of the internet of things technology, mountain hazards monitoring and warning become an important application field of the internet of things technology. In this paper, based on the practice of mountain hazards monitoring and early warning, the urgency of the mountain hazards demand is expounded for the internet of things technology. The present situation of the internet of things technology is introduced in mountain hazards monitoring and early warning applications. At the same time, the authors proposes that the internet of things technology apply to mountain hazards monitoring and early warning need to solve problems and need to breakthrough key technologies.

Progress

Geobiophysical effects of land use change on climate change

LIU Ji-yuan;SHAO Quan-qin;YAN Xiao-dong;FAN Jiang-wen;ZHAN Jin-yan;DENG Xiang-zheng;KUANG Wen-hui;HUANG Lin

2014, 36(5):  356-363. 

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The major research of the global change research project of National Basic Research Program of China (973 Programs), entitled “The Large-scale Land Use Change and Its Impact on Global Climate”, in the past three years are introduced in this paper. The main results include the comparisons on the spatial-temporal patterns and its driving force among primary countries, the impact mechanisms of LUCC (land-use and land-cover change) on climate and its ecological effectiveness, the assemble simulation on the climatic effectiveness of LUCC, the scenarios of the climatic and ecological effectiveness of LUCC, and the future research plans of the program.

The roles of microRNAs in cancer

ZHANG Bing-jie;JIN You-xin;MA Zhong-liang

2014, 36(5):  364. 

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miRNAs, 18~23 nucleotide are a class of single stranded small non-coding RNA encoded by endogenous genes, which regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Abberant expressions of miRNAs reported in many kinds of human cancers may associate with cancer pathogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis, thus they can function as either oncogenes or antioncogenes. Numerous evidences indicated that the disregulation of miRNAs contribute to tumor initiation and progression. So these miRNAs can be used as clinical diagnosis biomarkers in many cancers, including non-small-cell lung cancer, breast cancer and prostate cancer. We introduce the clinical applications of the current known of miRNAs in early diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of non-small-cell lung
cancer, breast cancer and prostate cancer, as well as their molecular mechanisms.

From visceral fluctuation theory to science of human body fluctuation

LIU De-lin;SUN Bao-jun;GENG Zhi

2014, 36(5):  373-379. 

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The perception of the world is determined by the perspective from which one makes the observation. More various perspectives of observation are necessary to get a more comprehensive perception of the activities of human life with overwhelmingly sophisticated content. Fluctuation theory of visceral manifestation is such a new perspective that from which the human activities could be perceived as a fluctuating network of multiple-systems, multiple-levels and multiple-criteria.

Science Review

Scientific research needs to#br# see the latest discoveries

GUAN Yi

2014, 36(5):  380-390. 

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