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中文

Table of Content

    25 February 2015, Volume 37 Issue 1
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    Invited Special Paper
    Advances in genome-wide association studies of cancer in Chinese population
    LI Jiao-yuan;MIAO Xiao-ping;LIN Dong-xin
    2015, 37(1):  1-7. 
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    Genetic etiology of human cancer remains largely unclear. It is a big challenge to elucidate the roles of genetic variants in the development of cancer comprehensively and systematically. Genome-wide association studies explore the correlation between common single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) and risk of a specific cancer in a whole genome scale, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of the complex disease. Recently, GWAS has produced an impressive list of unexpected genes and chromosome regions which are associated with cancer susceptibility. This review paper introduces the published cancer GWAS in the Chinese populations and summarizes their major achievements in this field. In addition, we try to discuss the opportunities and challenges that brought by GWAS.
    Review Article
    Mind Wandering: One of the most important parts of the “stream of consciousness”
    SONG Xiao-lan;TANG Xiao-wei
    2015, 37(1):  8-16. 
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    Mind wandering, or daydreaming, is referred to the phenomenon that the conscious experience of human being was spontaneously occupied by the internal mental representation, and it is such a ubiquitous status that everyone could experience everyday. Although mind wandering was regarded as the BUG in the attention system of human being, with the deeper and deeper understanding of mind wandering, the researchers have began to take a more comprehensive view of mind wandering, including its costs and benefits. Today the hot interest of the human brain energizes the study of mind wandering. Mind wandering is not only the working style of human mind, but also the embodiment of the intrinsic self-organization in the human brain. We describe the phenomenon of mind wandering, its research progress, and the principle view in this field. The prospect of the development in the research of mind wandering is given in the end.
    Neuronal basis of vision
    SHOU Tian-de
    2015, 37(1):  17-25. 
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    Visual system is the most important sensory channel through which humans receive information from the outside world. In the brief review, the important achievements of visual neuronal mechanisms by neuroscientists for tens of years are introduced from single neuron to system level, in order to provide readers a clear and overall understanding of neuronal mechanisms of vision.
    Interdisciplinary studies on brain science with information science
    GU Fan-ji
    2015, 37(1):  26-32. 
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    Studies on the brain and mind have been the frontier of scientific researches in the 21st century, their interdisciplinary studies with information science play a key role in such research. A historical review, an introduction about the state of the art, and a perspective of this interdisciplinary field are given in this article.
    Scientific study of consciousness: Brief history, present state and some progresses
    WANG Yun-jiu
    2015, 37(1):  33-40. 
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    It is a long history for study of brain-mind problem. Since the end of last century, a new era has been initiated to investigate consciousness by means of modern science and technology. There are many progresses in scientific study of consciousness. In this paper, two examples of consciousness progresses are represented: out-of-body experience and pattern recognition in visual system.
    Progress
    Fabrication and mechanical properties of particulate reinforced aluminum matrix#br# composites
    XUE Yang;SONG Min;XIAO Dai-hong
    2015, 37(1):  41-48. 
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    The classification and recent status of metal matrix composites and the general methods for fabricating particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites are described. The methods include stir casting, powder metallurgy, spray deposition and the relatively new in-situ reactive fabrication. Then the progress in the mechanical properties of particulate reinforced aluminum matrix composites is introduced. Finally, the future development of particulate reinforced aluminum matrix is discussed.
    Status and advance on study of behavior and ecology in primates (Ⅰ): Geographic distribution and habitat use
    SHANG Yu-chang
    2015, 37(1):  49-52. 
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    Nonhuman primates today are found on five of the seven continents. Africa, Asia, South American, and their nearby islands are the homes of most living nonhuman primates. The vast majority of primate species and individuals are found in tropical climates. Within their geographic range, living primates are found in a variety of habitats from deserts to tropical rainforests. Primates often move and feed in specific forest levels and show adaptation these different demands and opportunities, which offers a slightly different way of making a living for a primate. The tropics forests inhabited by most primates are the most complex ecosystems on the Earth. The evolution of living primates has conjunction with the evolution of other members of these complex environments. The predators have exerted an important influence on the evolution of many aspects of primate ecology and behavior. Primate species have evolution of many aspects of primate ecology and behavior. They species have evolved a number of unique predation strategies to exploit different types of prey.  
    Natural Forum
    Motions of a falling chain: A brief analysis
    YU Tong-xu;ZHANG Wen-bin;XU Teng;CAO Ze-xian
    2015, 37(1):  53-60. 
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    Mechanical analysis involving chains is a very interesting topic that has drawn much attentions in history. As a characteristic variable-mass system, a falling chain is often referred as an example in textbooks of mechanics. However, there are many inconsistencies in the treatment of falling motions of the flexible chain, which demand to be clarified. The falling motion behavior depends critically on the initial configurations of the chain. In the present article we are concerned with four distinct setups, of which the diverse motion behaviors will be briefly analyzed.
    Science Focus
    Science Review
    Take a broad view to 2015
    GUAN Yi
    2015, 37(1):  65-71. 
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    Science and Art
    The history of western realistic painting using optical equipment
    LIN Feng-sheng
    2015, 37(1):  72-78. 
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