理查德•冯•米塞斯是20世纪应用数学与工程科学的关键奠基者，他打破了纯粹数学与工程技术之间的壁垒，创建德国应用数学的学科建制。基于多语种文献与历史档案，本文系统梳理了冯•米塞斯在柏林大学、伊斯坦布尔大学和哈佛大学的学术历程，尤其关注他在高等工程教育改革方面的实践，回顾了他在工程科学、概率论等领域的开创性贡献。冯•米塞斯坚持理论联系实际的科研范式，在动荡时代捍卫科学理性，其精神对当今提倡交叉学科发展与科学家精神的培养具有重要启示。

Richard von Mises was a pioneer in applied mathematics and engineering science in 20th-century. He broke down disciplinary barriers between pure mathematics and engineering technology, pioneering the institutionalization of applied mathematics in Germany. Based on many research papers and historical archives, this paper examines Richard von Mises’ academic achievements at the University of Berlin, Istanbul University, and Harvard University, with a particular focus on his practices in reformation of higher engineering education. This paper also reviews his groundbreaking contributions to fields such as engineering science and probability theory. Richard von Mises’ research paradigm of “integrating theory with practice” that he has always upheld, along with his spirit of defending scientific rationality in the periods of social upheaval, holds significant enlightening value for promoting the development of interdisciplinary studies and cultivating the spirit of scientists today.