Abstract: Trigeminal neuralgia is a kind of severe pain that occurs in the distribution area of trigeminal nerve in the head and face, including sudden onset, sudden stop, lightning, knife cutting, burning, intractable and unbearable. Its pathogenesis is not clear. It is often considered that it may be related to neuropathy, immune inflammatory mechanism and ion channel, and its treatment methods are also diverse. At present, it is still dominated by drug treatment. When drug treatment is ineffective, electrophysiological therapy and surgical treatment can be considered, including radiofrequency thermocoagulation, microvascular decompression and balloon compression. This paper summarizes the classification and clinical diagnosis and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, in order to provide the latest theoretical basis for the early clinical diagnosis and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.