Abstract: The field of life science has been continually developed through mankind creative and diligent studies in pursuit of human health. In the1980s of last century, studies of Randy W. Schekman in yeast and James E. Rothman via biological electronic microscope and vesicle fusion experiments mapped out one of the body vesicle transport machinery leading to the definition and function of vesicle trafficking system, while investigation of Thomas C. Südhof in neuronal communication via synapses have approved precise regulation of vesicle trafficking system. Vesicle trafficking system is one of the fundamental units of cells and has been involved in many biological processes. Defects in vesicle trafficking system have deleterious effects and could lead to many human diseases. A deep understanding of the mechanisms of vesicle trafficking system will yield new insights into our human health for prevention and therapies of the related human diseases.

Key words: vesicle trafficking system, endomembrane system, protein sorting and vesicular transport, protein secretion, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine