Anti-tumor immunotherapy has shown good application prospects in the clinical treatment of several given malignant tumors such as lung cancer, but most type of solid tumors still need to be transformed from original discovery in basic research to clinical diagnosis and treatment. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2018 was awarded jointly to James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo “for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation”. Traditional Chinese Medicine is the treasure of Chinese Ethnic Peoples. There are many similarities between the cognition of tumor treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and the concept of modern immunotherapy. In this paper, we summarized the research progress of traditional Chinese
medicine extract and single molecules of natural compound in regulating immune system. Besides, we discussed the mechanism of
traditional Chinese medicine in antitumor immunity from the aspects of both innate immunity and adaptive immunity.