Exercise can be divided into aerobic exercise such as jogging, yoga, and anaerobic exercise such as weightlifting and hurdles, according to energy metabolism. Exercise can not only relieve pressure and release emotion, but also protect nervous system, immune system, locomotor system, endocrine system and circulatory system. This paper systematically expounds the important regulatory role of exercise in physiological cardiac hypertrophy and cardiovascular diseases such as pathological cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, heart failure, and metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, fatty liver.