The survival time of cancer patients is effectively prolonged with the widespread application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in tumor treatment, and subsequently, the cardiotoxicity problems including coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke became increasingly prominent which arouse the attention on cardiovascular atherosclerotic events of scholars
because of the urgent appearance and poor prognosis. The article systematically described the cardiovascular atherosclerotic events caused by immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, the risk factors and risk assessment of this cardiotoxicity, the underlying mechanism, and the prevention and treatment strategies of Chinese and western medicine.