Radiodonta, emblemized by the iconic Anomalocaris, represents a clade of rather primitive arthropods that thrived in the Cambrian period and served as top predators in the marine ecosystem of that time. They are crucial for understanding the origin and evolution of arthropods, as well as the early Earth's ecosystems. Here we provide a brief review regarding the research progress of radiodonts, including research history, evolutionary relationships, growth and ontogeny, biogeography, and macroevolutionary, as well as prospects for future research.