Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has emerged as a major global public health issue, imposing a substantial health and economic burden on society. Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), as a key intervention for MetS, not only achieves rapid and sustained weight loss but also significantly improves its core metabolic dysregulations. This article summarizes the current application of MBS in the management of MetS, systematically elaborates on the clinical outcomes, advantages, and limitations of commonly performed procedures, with the aim of providing insights for personalized clinical treatment of MetS.