Loading...
中文

Table of Content

    25 August 2020, Volume 42 Issue 4
    Previous Issue    Next Issue
    Invited Special Paper
    Research frontiers in molecular machines
    LIU Yue, WANG Qiaochun
    2020, 42(4):  277-287.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2020.04.001
    Asbtract ( 2717 )   PDF (3369KB) ( 1200 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Molecular machines can be precisely controlled at micro level and thus have significant application prospects in the fields of molecular devices, nano-engines, health care, intelligent materials and so on. Having won the 2016 Nobel Prize in chemistry, the research on molecular machines still has a long way to go before these beautiful tiny machines enter into practical applications. This article focuses on the research frontiers of molecular machines in recent years, including the fields of synthesis, characterization, constructing of solid-state devices, and setting up functional systems that can perform tasks. The prospects for future research are also raised.
    Review Article
    Quantum artificial intelligence: Quantum computing and artificial intelligence meet at the best time
    TANG Hao, JIN Xianmin
    2020, 42(4):  288-294.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2020.04.002
    Asbtract ( 2405 )   PDF (2403KB) ( 1905 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Quantum artificial intelligence is an emerging interdisciplinary science and technology from the crossover of the field of quantum computing and that of artificial intelligence. During the past decades, quantum computing and artificial intelligence have been through different development processes, and both now demonstrate promising application perspectives that may bring up transformative changes for people’s work and life. We are coming to a good timing for the deep crossover of quantum computing and artificial intelligence, and a perfect stage to embark on for the research of quantum artificial intelligence.
    Quantum computation, quantum supremacy and noisy intermidiate-scale quantum era#br#
    SHI Yu
    2020, 42(4):  295-300.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2020.04.003
    Asbtract ( 2180 )   PDF (594KB) ( 500 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Using popular but accurate descriptions, I briefly introduce the concepts concerning quantum computation, including qubits,
    quantum state, basis state, quantum measurement, unitary transformation, noncloning of quantum information, quantum computing,
    quantum gate, quantum algorithm, decoherence or quantum noise, quantum error correction, noisy intermidiate-scale quantum (NISQ)
    technology and quantum advantage or quantum supremacy. NISQ era and the prospect of quantum supremacy are commented.
    Superconductivity meets quantum computation
    JIN Yirong
    2020, 42(4):  301-310.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2020.04.004
    Asbtract ( 1830 )   PDF (2505KB) ( 779 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Quantum computation, based on quantum state superposition and entanglement, offered a new computing schema for its  exponentially grown huge computing space and higher information abstracting ability. It can potentially solve a series of problems
    that is “hard” for classical computer, and significantly decrease the power consumption per operation. Superconductivity, as a robust
    macroscopic quantum phenomenon, offered a perfect non-dissipating test-bed for coherent quantum operation. Moreover, Josephson
    junction that based on superconductors offered essential state quantization and non-linearity for constructing a qubit. After over twenty
    year’s fast development, quantum computing technology based on superconducting quantum circuits has achieved abundant breaks in
    some key technologies, including improvement of coherence time, quantum state manipulation and readout, tunable coupling between
    qubits, scaling up to well addressable moderate-large scale quantum system, and so on. Now, it is no doubt that superconducting
    quantum computing becomes one of the most promising candidates for building a universal quantum computer. Here I would like
    to give a crash review for this technology, and briefly draw a skeleton of superconducting quantum circuits. The purpose is to let the
    readers catch some scientific backend for building a quantum computer. Therefore, I try the best to avoid complicated symbols and
    equations. Finally, I try to give a bold discussion about the future development blueprint, and point out some key technical challenges
    when approaching such a “Holy Grail”.
    The development of quantum computer
    ZHANG Hui, YANG Xia
    2020, 42(4):  311-320.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2020.04.005
    Asbtract ( 1410 )   PDF (3027KB) ( 531 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    It is well known that quantum computers will be faster than traditional computers at solving certain problems. Countries are competing for the layout of quantum computing, which will become a new high ground for the development of science and technology in the world. As a new generation of information technology, how much charm can it bring to human beings? In recent years, domestic and foreign research on quantum computing has flourished. What is the current stage of the development of quantum computing? As an introduction, this article makes a preliminary discussion on the development of quantum computing from the underlying research to the technical route and the future industrial trends.
    Quantum computing and artificial intelligence
    ZHANG Hui, LI Lei, DOU Menghan, FANG Yuan
    2020, 42(4):  321-330.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2020.04.006
    Asbtract ( 2657 )   PDF (2399KB) ( 1910 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The main purpose of this paper is to explore some potential applications of quantum computing in artificial intelligence and to review the interactions between quantum theory and artificial intelligence. This paper will introduce some famous and simple quantum algorithms, so that readers can understand the power of quantum computing. In addition, in order to give readers a comprehensive understanding of quantum computing, this paper gives a brief overview of quantum computing. This paper will be a bridge for AI researchers to further explore the links between AI and quantum computing including quantum theory.
    Development of quantum computing industry education
    YANG Xia, ZHANG Hui
    2020, 42(4):  331-339.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2020.04.007
    Asbtract ( 933 )   PDF (2548KB) ( 467 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    In 2020, members of the Strategic Advisory Committee’s Quantum Flagship Program proposed to promote quantum education projects across Europe, advocating the promotion of quantum education projects covering high school education, university education, and industrial worker training throughout Europe. Similar quantum education measures at home and abroad are constantly
    emerging, which provide some references for the development of quantum education in China. This article mainly summarizes the contents of quantum computing, the development of quantum education industry, and the current status of quantum teaching tools.
    It attempts to explore the current dilemma of the development of quantum computing industry education, in order to find the way to
    promote China’s quantum computing education.
    Progress
    Natural “transgenic” conferring Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat
    GE Wenyang, SUN Silong, WANG Hongwei, KONG Lingrang
    2020, 42(4):  340-346.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2020.04.008
    Asbtract ( 1953 )   PDF (1291KB) ( 1227 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Fusarium head blight (FHB), also known as “wheat cancer”, which not only seriously damages the yield and quality of wheat, but also leads to the serious pollution of mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV). Discovery and exploitation of new resistance genes to FHB is one of the most effective methods to resist pathogens infection. In this study, a major wheat FHB resistance gene Fhb7 was cloned based on assembling the genome of Thinopyrum elongatum and BAC library. Fhb7 encodes a glutathione S-transferase (GST) with broad-spectrum catalysis, which can detoxify the trichothecenes toxins through de-epoxidation mechanism. Surprisingly, no homologous genes of Fhb7 have been found in the plant kingdom, but multiple evidences indicate that Thinopyrum elongatum may form symbiosis with endophytic fungi of Epichloë genus in the early stage, and integrate the DNA sequence of Epichloë Fhb7 into the Thinopyrum elongatum genome throughhorizontal gene transfer (HGT), thereby evolving
    the function of being resistant to infection by Fusarium pathogens. Fhb7 conferred broad-spectrum resistance to FHB and crown rot in
    diverse wheat backgrounds without obvious penalty on yields or quality. Thus, Fhb7 has broad application prospects of wheat disease-resistant breeding.
    Cretaceous oceanic anoxic and oxic events
    LIU Xinyu, HU Xiumian, LI Juan
    2020, 42(4):  347-354.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2020.04.009
    Asbtract ( 2101 )   PDF (3585KB) ( 818 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Black shales and oceanic red beds, as the products of oceanic anoxic and oxic events, respectively, are common during the Cretaceous greenhouse world. We summarize the recent research progress of oceanic anoxic and oxic events including the characteristics and causes of Cretaceous black shales and oceanic red beds, and the formation mechanism of Cretaceous oceanic anoxic and oxic events. Then we discuss the relationship between these two events, hoping to provide the reference and basis for understanding and predicting the future global climate and environment changes.
[an error occurred while processing this directive]