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Table of Content

    25 August 2022, Volume 44 Issue 4
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    SPECIAL ISSUE FOR SHU 100TH ANNIVERSARY
    Development and key problems of hydrogen metallurgy
    LU Xionggang, ZHANG Yuwen , ZHU Kai , LI Guangshi , YE Shuixin , WU Wenhe
    2022, 44(4):  251-266.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2022.04.001
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    Under the background of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”strategy, hydrogen metallurgy with hydrogen instead of carbon become one of the effective ways for iron and steel enterprises to realize green, low-carbon and sustainable development while optimizing energy structure and process flow. Sorting and tracing the development history of hydrogen metallurgy, taking the signing of the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change and the Kyoto Protocol as a time node, combined with the improvement of iron ore smelting process from “replacing coke with coal and gas” to “replacing carbon with hydrogen and reducing carbon with hydrogen”, the low-carbon transformation of ironmaking process is from reducing the dependence on coke and coking coal to focusing on reducing carbon emissions, and then to taking net zero carbon emissions as the ultimate goal, gradually forming two technical routes: hydrogen-rich smelting process of blast furnace and hydrogen based direct reduction process. According to the current production structure and carbon reduction goal of China's iron and steel industry, the blast furnace ironmaking process, which accounts for 90% of the output, emits a large proportion of carbon emissions. The low-carbon smelting of blast furnace is an important path to realize the low-carbon transformation of China's iron and steel industry. At the same time, the hydrogen-rich smelting of blast furnace is an important breakthrough path, which is of significance to the industrial application of ironmaking in the transition period of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. From the perspective of the future development of the iron and steel industry and the transformation of energy structure, hydrogen based direct reduction process is an important route to achieve net zero carbon emission in the iron and steel industry. At the same time, the key problems to be solved in the development of hydrogen metallurgy include green and economic hydrogen production and safe large-scale hydrogen use.
    Deep model watermarking
    ZHANG Xinpeng, WU Hanzhou
    2022, 44(4):  267-273.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2022.04.002
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    Deep neural networks (DNNs) condense the wisdom of the designer and consume a lot of data and computing resources. It is an important artificial intelligence technology, and is widely applied in our daily life. However, as a digital asset, how to protect DNN models from being illegally copied, distributed or abused (that is, intellectual property protection) is a difficult problem that must
    be faced and solved in the process of artificial intelligence industrialization. This article reviews digital watermarking techniques for
    intellectual property protection of DNN models. By summarizing the development status of deep model watermarking, the research
    trend of deep model watermarking is further prospected.
    Flexible wearable sensor and its method of array manufacture in large area
    ZHAO Tingting, LI Tongkuai, YUAN Li, ZHANG Jianhua
    2022, 44(4):  274-286.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2022.04.003
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    As an indispensable part of the wearable electronic device system, the flexible intelligent sensor stands at an essential frontier currently, which is promising in the application of personal health surveillance, man-machine interaction, and artificial electronic skin. The research status of flexible intelligent sensors with various types is briefly reviewed, and the key technical parameters of flexible sensors are summarized in this article. The challenges and new methods of large-scale manufacturing of flexible sensors are expounded and analyzed. Finally, the development trend of flexible sensors in the future is prospected.
    NOx reduction catalysts for non-electrical industries
    HAN Lupeng, ZHANG Dengsong
    2022, 44(4):  287-300.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2022.04.004
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    Nitrogen oxides (NOx) threaten to the human health and ecological environment. As the gradual realization of ultra-low
    emission of NOx  in thermal power industries, the emission reduction of NOx in non-electrical industries becomes urgent. Selective
    catalytic reduction of NOx by NH3 is the most effective NOx  control technology. The flue gas of non-electrical industries generally
    contains SO2 , alkali and heavy metals that easily lead to the catalyst inactivation. In view of the key problems of NOx reduction
    catalysts such as the poor low-temperature activity, SO2 -poisoning, alkali-poisoning, and the multiple poisonings, this paper reviews
    the research progress of various low-temperature poisoning-resistant NOx reduction catalysts, and summarizes the strategies for
    improving the low-temperature activity, SO2 -resistance, alkali-resistance, and multiple resistance of catalysts. This paper proposes
    research strategies for developing low-temperature poisoning-resistant NOx reduction catalysts, and provides imperative guidance for
    the practical application of NOx reduction catalyst in non-electrical industries.
    Research progress of scintillation materials for neutron detection
    ZHANG Zeqing , LI Qianli , ZHANG Zhijun , ZHAO Jingtai
    2022, 44(4):  301-315.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2022.04.005
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    The construction of China Spallation Neutron Source filled the gap in pulsed neutron source and application field in China, marking that China has reached the international advanced level in neutron technology. Based on this, the application of neutron technology in multi-disciplinary fields is summarized, and scintillation materials are divided into organic scintillation materials and inorganic scintillation materials. The research status and application of common and new scintillation materials in neutron detection at home and abroad are reviewed, and the performance differences of different scintillation materials used in neutron detection are compared and summarized. Finally, the scintillation materials for neutron detection and their improvement schemes are summarized and analyzed, and the development trend of scintillation materials is prospected, in order to provide reference for the development of neutron detection technology and scintillation materials in China.
    Passive control of vibration in pipes conveying fluid
    DING Hu
    2022, 44(4):  316-322.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2022.04.006
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    The pipe exhibits complex vibration characteristics under the action of flowing fluid and external excitations. Investigations on design, optimization, and application of the control schemes for the vibration of pipes are still active since more and more new configurations are needed in more and more new practical circumstances. The present work provides a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art researches related to passive control of vibration of pipes conveying fluid. The work begins with a survey of the important vibration control and dynamics characteristics of pipes conveying fluid. Secondly, the general characteristics of the research on the dynamics of the pipe are introduced. Then, the research progress of passive control of vibration of pipes conveying fluid is summarized. At last, some further promising directions are suggested. That this paper will help researchers to understand the research status of passive control of pipe vibration, and can arouse more attentions to vibration control of pipes, so as to promote the efficient and safe operation of pipe systems.
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