Table of Content

25 August 2023, Volume 45 Issue 4

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Invited Special Paper

Principles of insect olfactory system coding

CHENG Lili, KANG Le, GUO Xiaojiao

2023, 45(4):  239-246.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2023.03.001

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Olfaction plays pivotal roles all over the life span of insects, providing insects with information essential for survival and reproduction. In spite of structural and functional diversities driven by selection, olfactory systems share a common coding principle in information perception and processing. Here we review the key nodes and corresponding relationships of peripheral and central nervous system across many insect species, and aim to identify the basic principles of olfactory circuit. Moreover, we present comparative analyses of some insects to show unexpected cases, and provide a new insight in the functions and evolution of insect olfaction.




Review Article

Development of on-orbit manufacturing and the research of on-orbit manufacturing for metallic materials#br#

ZHANG Qi, LIU Ming, ZHAO Shaofan, WANG Weihua

2023, 45(4):  247-257.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2023.04.002

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The on-orbit manufacturing technology has wide applications in the field of deep space exploration that significant efforts have been dedicated to developing it by the space powers. The on-orbit manufacturing of non-metallic materials has been achieved, while it is still challenging to manufacture the indispensable metallic structures in space. This paper introduces the developing status of the on-orbit manufacturing technologies, and focuses on the research path of the on-orbit manufacturing technologies for metallic materials in Europe and the United States. The difficulties faced by the development of the on-orbit manufacturing technologies for the metallic materials are analyzed. To overcome the difficulties, we propose to study the on-orbit manufacturing based on metallic glasses with thermoplastic feature, and introduce several manufacturing methods for metallic glasses that is promising for the application in on-orbit manufacturing. To achieve the on-orbit manufacturing of metallic glasses, the future directions of the research on the manufacturing of metallic glasses are discussed.




Research progress on service performance of metallic glass in low earth orbit

ZHANG Jiaqi, WANG Zhuang, WANG Xin, ZHANG Mao, TANG Xuefeng, GONG Pan, WANG Xinyun, YAO Kefu

2023, 45(4):  258-270.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2023.04.003

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Along with the advancement of human aerospace technology, there are increasingly high requirements on aerospace materials. Metallic glass (MG) has great potential to be applied to low earth orbit (LEO) due to its special structure of long-range disorder. This paper introduces the main factors leading to material failure in LEO, their generation mechanism and action mechanism, the types and characteristics of commonly used materials in aerospace field. The development history, characteristics and application prospect of MG are expounded. The structural stability and performance stability of MG under the adverse factors of atomic oxygen, thermal cycle and space irradiation are summarized respectively, and the feasibility of application of MG in LEO is evaluated. Finally, the future research direction of MG stability in LEO environment is prospected.




Developing nano-porous metals for sensing and high-resolution detection

LIU Jin, NING Jinyan, WU Lin, ZHANG Ling, PAN Deng

2023, 45(4):  271-290.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2023.04.004

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Nanoporous metals (NPMs) are metals/alloys with a characteristic bicontinuous structure of three-dimensional and nano-sized pores/ligaments. In recent years, NPMs have attracted numerous scientific and technological interests in fields such as electrochemical catalysis and energy storage owing to their high specific areas, desirable chemicasl stability, stable and tunable geometric structure and a diversity of candidate materials. Moreover, NPMs have been considered as a promising candidate with great potentials in applications of sensing and trace detection for their unique surface plasmonic properties originating from submicron scale characteristic dimension of metallic compounds. This article reviews the recent advances in synthesis methods of nanoporous metals as well as their respective advantages and limitations, followed by typical applications of NPMs in detection, actuation and sensing.




The developing status of inorganic antiviral nanomaterials and the research progress of mechanisms

ZHANG Yajing, WANG Yindian, CHEN Hongxia

2023, 45(4):  291-302.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2023.04.010

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The emergence of new and lethal viruses and drug resistance are major causes of human disease and death, posing serious challenge to the medicine, pharmacy and biotechnology sectors. Despite widespread interest in viral vaccines, researchers continue to develop new broad-spectrum antiviral drugs. Recent advances in nanotechnology have facilitated the development of new antiviral materials. Using nano-scale modification, materials obtain significant physical and chemical properties and better anti-viral performance. Inorganic antiviral materials have the advantages of good biocompatibility, low cost and low toxicity, which bring new ideas to the development of antiviral drugs. In this paper, the research status and important achievements of inorganic antiviral nanomaterials, such as carbon-based materials, metals and metal oxides, are summarized.




Science for the Future

Gauge field programme

ZHU Hongwei

2023, 45(4):  303-307.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2023.04.006

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Gauge field theory is the theoretical basis of the standard model in particle physics. This article provides a brief overview of the basic concept and origin of gauge fields. Using elementary mathematics and calculus, the idea of gauge fields is explained from the perspective of function transformation. Finally, the impact of gauge field theory on both natural and social sciences is reviewed.




Progress

Perspective review on the key topics of ultrafast terahertz spintronics

MA Guohong

2023, 45(4):  308-316.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2023.02.012

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The central topics on ultrafast terahertz spintronics are the interaction between terahertz photons and magnons, especially the interaction between terahertz photons and antiferromagnetic magnons. In view of the current researches and challenges faced in this field, this article reviews and summarizes the frontier research from the following three aspects: spintronic-based efficient terahertz radiation source, magnon excitation and manipulation with terahertz pulse, as well as the strong coupling between terahertz photon and magnon. We hope this review article can trigger interdisciplinary efforts that facilitate the invention of new protocols of active spin control and quantum phase engineering.




Reading and Comments

Why I write Amorphous Matter

WANG Weihua

2023, 45(4):  317-320.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2023.04.008

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