Abstract: The emergence of new and lethal viruses and drug resistance are major causes of human disease and death, posing serious challenge to the medicine, pharmacy and biotechnology sectors. Despite widespread interest in viral vaccines, researchers continue to develop new broad-spectrum antiviral drugs. Recent advances in nanotechnology have facilitated the development of new antiviral materials. Using nano-scale modification, materials obtain significant physical and chemical properties and better anti-viral performance. Inorganic antiviral materials have the advantages of good biocompatibility, low cost and low toxicity, which bring new ideas to the development of antiviral drugs. In this paper, the research status and important achievements of inorganic antiviral nanomaterials, such as carbon-based materials, metals and metal oxides, are summarized.