Abstract:

 Mars is the most promising planet where life may have emerged outside the Earth. It is the best candidate planet to immigrate in the future. Water is an essential constituent of life, which is the key clue of searching for life on Mars. Meanwhile, water plays an important role in magmatism and tectonic activity, connecting the interior processes and the climate evolution of Mars. Numerous Mars exploration missions have uncovered the paleoclimate history, evolving from the existence of fluvial water ~3.5 billion years ago to the present cool and dry surface. Martian meteorites are the only available rock samples from Mars, carrying the information of the magmatism and the paleoclimate evolution via rock-water reaction on Mars. Evidence for the presence of groundwater on Mars ~190 million years ago was found in the Martian meteorite collected by the Chinese Antarctica Expedition, and possible life-related organic matter was discovered in the recent Tissint Martian meteorite fall.

Key words:  , Mars, meteorite, paleoclimate, life, deep space exploration