Abstract: The urgent request for high storage density has spurred extensive research on novel spintronic devices. Magnetic skyrmions, vortex-like spin textures with quasiparticle characteristics and topological protection, have emerged as promising candidates for spintronic applications due to their nanoscale size, topological stability, and low threshold current density for driven motion. Based on the latest research in the field, our paper provides a detailed review of the types, properties, generation mechanisms, material systems, and manipulation methods of magnetic skyrmions. It also summarizes the challenges and prospects associated with the application of skyrmions in racetrack memory.