Abstract: The unprecedented depletion of ozone over the Arctic in 2011 attracts the attentions of people to the ozone and ozone hole once more. This study reviews the history of the Antarctic ozone and its change. The reason how the ozone is produced over the Antarctic and the difference of the ozone changes over the Arctic and the Antarctic are discussed. It is pointed out that, currently, the ozone hole appears only in spring over the Antarctic and not over the Arctic. Under the current atmospheric environmental pollution, the change of atmospheric ozone depletion over the polar regions will be more dependent on the atmospheric circulation, especially the low temperature in the polar vortex. For protecting the Earth dwelled by human, the international society has made a great effort, and China also has made some contributions to it.