Abstract: Signal transduction is one of frontiers in life sciences, and many achievements in this field have been awarded Nobel
Prize. From the initial signal molecular to the subsequent second messenger and reversible phosphorylation, to the G-protein and
receptor, and until today signal network system, these researches had greatly expanded the understanding of the phenomenon of life
and provided new alternative for a lot of diseases. In this article, the brief history of signal transduction is reviewed according to the
research course of classical signaling pathway. It is comprehensively introduced including background, history, significance and
utilization of Nobel Prize-related achievements.

Key words: signal transduction, Nobel Prize, signal molecular, receptor, G-protein, second messenger, reversible phosphorylation