Abstract: The transcription factor BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) is expressed widely in most mammalian tissues, functioning
as a key regulator in oxidative stress-response, cell cycle, heme homeostasis, inflammation, and immunity. In recent years, great
progress has been made in the research of BACH1 in cardiovascular diseases, stem cell pluripotency maintenance and cancer.
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) suggest a closely connection between BACH1 and cardiovascular diseases. BACH1 is
involved in the occurrence and development of various cardiovascular diseases, such as ischemic angiogenesis, hypertension and
atherosclerosis. BACH1 is a critical factor of stem-cell identity maintenance and mesendodermal differentiation. BACH1 promotes
tumor proliferation and metastasis by reprogramming tumor metabolism and altering epithelial-mesenchymal transformation
phenotypes. While BACH1 may inhibit tumor growth by controlling ferroptosis, thus playing a dual role in tumors. BACH1 has the
ability to regulate its own expression, and function as both a transcriptional activator and a transcriptional repressor on downstream
target gene. Different cell phenotypes and states, in vivo environment, and recruitment of coregulatory factors all associate with
BACH1 transcription. The research progress of BACH1 is summarized as follows.