Abstract: The Arctic and Antarctica are climatic sensitive areas on Earth, and are also key regions of many international research programs for climate change. Polar Regions are important to the formation and variation of global climate because they comprise all interactive processes among atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, cryosphere and biosphere. Expedition and research on polar atmospheric science is an important component of polar science. By the early time of 2008, China has organized expedition to Antarctica for 24 times, twice to Arctic Ocean, and 4 times to Arctic station independently, and built the Great Wall station and Zhongshan station in Antarctica and Huanghe station in Arctic. Moreover, 5 automatic meteorological stations were also set up on the ice sheet of Antarctica. Researches relating to polar atmospheric science and global climate change are developing. However, many works need to be done to enhance our researches on polar atmospheric sciences and global climate change, such as further promoting international cooperation, keeping monitoring changes of atmospheric elements including near surface temperature, improving operational capability on polar meteorology, expanding investigating and studying fields on polar atmospheric science, getting climatic proxy data actively, further recognizing and quantifying the role of polar zones in global change and its impact on weather/climate and sustainable development of economy in China, and setting up an integrated system for polar atmospheric science research.

Key words: Antarctic, Arctic, Atmospheric Science, Global Change