Abstract: Low carbon economy and sustainable development offered a good chance to the protection of environment, the modulation of economy and industrial patten, and the realization of economy growth. The development of economy from Industrial Revolution was reviewed, the problems of high-carbon economy pattern were introspected, thus low carbon economy and sustainable development seem to be the only way which can solve the problem of environmental pollution and ecology diversity reduction. The intension of low carbon and pathways to realize low carbon were discussed, and its practise in Shanghai EXPO was investigated.