Abstract: 2011 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine was shared among Ralph Steinman, Jules Hoffman and Bruce beutler, who discovered biological function of Dendritic Cells and Toll like receptor respectively. Since 1901 the firstever Nobel Prize was award to Emil von Behring for the funding of antitoxin, overall 17 Nobel prizes in physiology and medicine were given for achievements in immunologic fields. In a historical perspective, the Nobel laureates have witnessed the whole development course of immunology as a discipline. After originated from bacteriology, immunology has undergone major shift from immunochemistry to immunobiology, and become an important frontier discipline of the life sciences eventually. The review summarizes all immunologic funding awarded to Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine retrospective, and discusses the contribution of those achievements to immunologic theory development and clinic medicine.

Key words: history of immunology, Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine, immunochemistry, immunobiology, modern immunology