Chinese Journal of Nature

Modeling and Simulation of Complex Earth System for Climate Change (Part I)

LI Qi;CHA Chuan-Jie

2012, 34(3): 125-138.

Asbtract ( 985 )

PDF (15488KB) ( 823 )

Related Articles | Metrics

Earth is a set of open system. Any substances digested from earth in realistically world which we try to emulate contains dissipative and recursive factors. Thus, they are nonlinear. On the whole, nonlinear partial differential equation basically has no solutions. As a result, any model take on board from earth which we try to digitize or simulate, the problems appear. For this reason, this article gives a solid mathematical definition of the system with its factors, by means of automata, formal language and its grammar, i.e., rewrite rules and chaos theory. Using topological timespace structure with recursive function, quantum equation and the characteristics of its physical and chimerical reaction, alternates the continuous partial differential equation by nonlinear discrete mathematics desecrated those earth systems which we choice directly. Let the physic model and simulation model consistency, then those unsolved problems can be accomplished. Further for that, it revealed a way to the axiomatisation of physics, eliminating the profoundly disturbing crises wherein the foundation of various sciences.

Smartness Make City Better

WANG Jia-Yao

2012, 34(3): 139-142.

Asbtract ( 981 )

PDF (964KB) ( 626 )

Related Articles | Metrics

With the growing social needs and the rapid development of information technology, digital city made remarkable progress, which provided well service for government, enterprises and the public. But there exist a lot of problems. The emergence and the application of grid, the internet of things and cloud computing brought opportunity for solving these problems. Smart city emerges as the times require. The evolution from digital city to smart city is now the social topics. Grid, the internet of things and cloud computing are key technologies which realize the evolution from digital city to smart city. Smart city will promote the development of smart service and smart industry, and enhance city’s core competitiveness in the 21st century.

On the Geographic System Simulation Basic Model

ZHENG Xin-Qi

2012, 34(3): 143-149.

Asbtract ( 833 )

Related Articles | Metrics

The integration of geographic computing model and geographic information system (GIS) is the technical difficulties of experimental geography. Geographical systems, having rich content, complex structural and diverse functions, gave rise to the challenge of geographic system analysis and simulation. In this paper, to solve these problems, such as geocomputation model focused expression, geographical analysis model focused on modeling, and blindly selected geographical simulation model, the author put forward the concept of a geographic system simulation basic model (GSBM) after analysing the demand of geographic calculation, cartography and geographic information science.GSBM is composed of GISbased platform, pointmultiagent (AB), surfacecellular automata (CA) and flowsystem dynamics (SD).The framework, structure and communications of GSBM are discussed and the principle of the model, the integration of key technologies and application ways are analyzed deeply. This article provides a reference framework for the research and development of geographical system simulation platform in future.

The World in Images

GUAN Ze-Qun;YU Sheng

2012, 34(3): 150-153.

Asbtract ( 786 )

Related Articles | Metrics

Started with the way we observe the world, this paper gave an analysis from image pyramid to the latest GigaPan image. We indicated that their limit is the discordance between the image and the object, and unilateral imagerepresentation caused by this limit. Then a new imagestructure is presumed to express the state changes in the multiscale world. With the study on the relationship between real world and image world, we discussed the development direction of remote sensing in the future.

The Progress in Study of the Effects of the Solar Variation on the Earth Environment

LIU Zhao;YU Xue-Feng

2012, 34(3): 154-160.

Asbtract ( 865 )

Related Articles | Metrics

As the most important energy source of the earth surface system, the sun influences the earth environment intensively. The records of climatic change contain much information about the change of solar radiation and solar activities, but the actual observation of solar radiation change is not considered enough to cause the earth’s severe climate change directly. Many physical models were developed to explain the mechanism about how the sun drives the earth’s environment change. These physical models have good applicability in explaining some climate phenomena; however, there are still some limitations in other aspects. Starting with the geologic records, this article reviewed the geologicalbiological records of effects of the solar variation on the climate change on the different time scale and made comments on some [JP2]amplification mechanisms. Meanwhile, we consider that the solar variation is the most important factor of the earth’s environment change; the earth’s [JP]environment changes may response the solar changes directly. Either radiation changes caused by solar activities are underestimated, or there are undiscovered mechanisms. Future research should address these two issues.

New Advances in Study of Animal Behavior(Ⅳ): Food Caching and Planning for Future

SHANG Yu-Chang

2012, 34(3): 157-160.

Asbtract ( 865 )

Related Articles | Metrics

While the studies described so far often involve animals learning something about foraging environment, they were not designed as studies on foraging and learning per se(in itself). To even touch on the tip of the iceberg of studies done on learning and animal foraging would require a series of books. After all, these sorts of studies have been a mainstay in psychology over the last fifty years, and there have been thousands of studies examining learning in the context of foraging . Here we shall look at a tiny but important subsection of the work on the foraging and learning by focusing on:①brain size effects on the foraging and learning; ②learning and planning for the future; ③hippocampal size and caching ability; ④evolution and phylogeny of food caching.

Rapid Progress of Underground Coal Gasification in the World

ZHU Ming;XU Dao-Yi;SUN Wen-Peng;HAN Peng;YU Xue-Dong

2012, 34(3): 161-166.

Asbtract ( 850 )

Related Articles | Metrics

Due to the rise of price of world oil and gas resources and serious environment problems, people again need choice in primary energy. Compared to nuclear energy, water and other renewable energy, people have to consider to the use of clean coal.Underground coal gasification is a best choice. Now Australia,The United Kingdom, South African and so on have made quikly important developments. They put the technologies for UCG-IGCC-CCS, UCG-AFC-CCS, UCG-GTL-CCS together and realise the really emission reduction. The facts show that underground coal gasification (UCG) have the lower cost, higher effeciency and friendly environment. Especially the fuel cell power station of the scale 500 MW is being built and hydrogen as the fuel provided by UCG and finally achieved the zero emission. UCG is a golden key or a solution to ensure the security of country's energy, the reduction of CO₂ emission and enviorment pollution, and the safety of mine workers body. So UCG should be the main direction of the primary energy for our country in the future.

The Nobel Prize Highlights in Immunologic History for a Century

LIU Bo-Ning

2012, 34(3): 167-171.

Asbtract ( 1472 )

PDF (1202KB) ( 1285 )

Related Articles | Metrics

2011 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine was shared among Ralph Steinman, Jules Hoffman and Bruce beutler, who discovered biological function of Dendritic Cells and Toll like receptor respectively. Since 1901 the firstever Nobel Prize was award to Emil von Behring for the funding of antitoxin, overall 17 Nobel prizes in physiology and medicine were given for achievements in immunologic fields. In a historical perspective, the Nobel laureates have witnessed the whole development course of immunology as a discipline. After originated from bacteriology, immunology has undergone major shift from immunochemistry to immunobiology, and become an important frontier discipline of the life sciences eventually. The review summarizes all immunologic funding awarded to Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine retrospective, and discusses the contribution of those achievements to immunologic theory development and clinic medicine.

Significance in Development of China Geosciences by Yuan Fuli

ZHENG Jian-Dong

2012, 34(3): 172-175.

Asbtract ( 912 )

PDF (692KB) ( 786 )

Related Articles | Metrics

Professor Yuan Fuli (1893—1987), a famous geologist, geographist and archaeologist of China, learned in USA in early 1900’s. He was the director of the department of Geosciences of Tsinghua University from 1933 to 1952. He participated and organized SinoSwedish Scientific Expedition in the Northwestern Provinces of China and discovered plenty of animal and plant fossils during the field inverstigations, particularly in discovering Dicynodon sp. and Lystrosaurus sp. in Xingjiang Autonomous Rigion, by means of which possess with significance in development of geosciences in China. The author is a stundent of him in Tsinghua University. In this paper , the author will deal with his achievements from establishing Geological Society of China, participating Scientific Expedition in the Northwest China, researching Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology etc.

Science Needs Innovation

GUAN Yi

2012, 34(3): 176-180.

Asbtract ( 724 )

PDF (958KB) ( 548 )

Related Articles | Metrics

Roger Y. Tsien and Fluorescent Protein

YANG Jian-Ye

2012, 34(3): 181-186.

Asbtract ( 994 )

PDF (1393KB) ( 706 )

Related Articles | Metrics

Table of Content