Haploid induction largely improves the efficiency of breeding. Haploid production mainly consists of in vitro gametophytic tissue culture and in vivo chromosome elimination. In this review, we focus on various strategies for in vivo haploid induction, along with recent research progresses and practical applications. Additionally, we provide an overview of the potential mechanisms underlying key haploid inducers, with a particular emphasis on the centromeric protein CENH3 mediated haploid induction.