Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the field of cultural heritage conservation. This paper comprehensively reviews the current applications of AI in various aspects of cultural heritage conservation. In the field of cultural heritage digitization, AI techniques such as semantic segmentation of laser point clouds have significantly improved the efficiency and accuracy of digitization processes. For cultural heritage recognition and management, deep learning-based image segmentation and knowledge graphs provide support for intelligent management. In the area of cultural heritage monitoring and detection, machine learning can autonomously analyze the condition of cultural heritage from environmental parameters and non-destructive testing data, enabling early warning of deterioration. In virtual restoration and display, AI technologies are optimizing methods and experiences from multiple perspectives, including image processing, geometric reconstruction, and interactive presentation. The results show that AI is fundamentally changing the concepts, methods, and technologies of cultural heritage conservation, significantly improving efficiency and accuracy. This review provides a reference for further exploration of AI-enabled pathways in cultural heritage conservation, contributing to the advancement of technological innovation and the deep integration of cultural heritage conservation with modern technology.