The 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to three scientists — David Baker, Demis Hassabis, and John M. Jumper — for their groundbreaking contributions to the design and prediction of protein structures. This article highlights their work, offering an overview of the scientific background behind protein design and prediction in computational structural biology, the key historical challenges in the field, and how this breakthrough evolved. It also explores the far-reaching implications of their achievements for the future.