Loading...

Table of Content

    25 August 2009, Volume 31 Issue 4
    Invited Special Paper
    Development of Coal/Carbon Based Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
    PANG Su-Ping;HAN Min-Fang
    2009, 31(4):  187. 
    Asbtract ( 1128 )   PDF (753KB) ( 1019 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    As a new energy technology, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are the most efficient energy conversion devices, which hold some advantages, such as fuel versatility, low cost, safety, conveniency and so on. After a long term research and development, now, the core technology including fabrication and industrialization of SOFC key materials, such as electrolyte, cathode, and anode, have been achieved, whereas it still needs to be focused on the performance optimization. It is the most important issue of SOFC commercialization to achieve long term stable operation of carbonbased SOFC. On the other hand, it is necessary to do basic research, such as carbonbased electrochemical and catalytic chemical process, materials stability, interface compatibility, thermal cycle, heat transfer, mass transfer, and electrode reaction. It is also necessary to develop nanomicro film fabrication, SOFC stack assemble, system integration, SOFC performance optimization and so on. All of above will put forward the rapid development of SOFC.
    Major Ideas in Evolution and Their Tests
    SHU De-Gan
    2009, 31(4):  193. 
    Asbtract ( 1254 )   PDF (2365KB) ( 1125 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Review Article
    Lingulids: the Evolutionary “Living Fossils”
    ZHANG Zhi-Fei;WANG Yan;Christian C Emig
    2009, 31(4):  201. 
    Asbtract ( 1484 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics


    Lingulids(Lingulidae)made their first appearance in the Early Cambrian, which are ordinarily considered as one of the most ancient “living fossils” based on the characteristic shell shape and the supposed absence of morphoanatomical changes. Comparison between the morphoanatomical characters of the Early Cambrian Lingulide Lingulella chengjiangensis and Lingulellotreta malongensis from the Chengjiang Lagersttte of southern China, does little to support the widespread notion that the morphology of the lineage has remained remarkably constant since their first occurrence.
    Invited Special Paper
    Cambrian Earthworms: Priapulans
    HAN Jian;YAO Xiao-Yong;JIAO Guo-Xiang-
    2009, 31(4):  204. 
    Asbtract ( 1140 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Most of their clades of the Priapulan terminated their evolutionary history immediately after their rapid diversification in the Early Cambrian, probably due to the constriction of many factors such as body plan, life style etc. However, Cambrian priapuomorphs convincingly resemble their recent descendents, supporting that this clade remain stagnant in morphology, and really being a kind of living fossils either in anatomical or molecular level. This evolutionary feature, together with recent findings of priapulans-like fossil embryos, is rather critical to investigate into the origin of the metamorphosis of metazoans. 
    Review Article
    Seafloor Hydrothermal System and the Origin of Life
    ZHOU Fu-Yang;LI Jiang-Chao;PANG Xiao-Tong-
    2009, 31(4):  207. 
    Asbtract ( 1184 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics

     Seafloor hydrothermal activities and associated biological phenomena are one of the most important discoveries in the past 30 years, which breathe a new insight into researches of geology, geochemistry and biology. According to the study about early environments and their evolution on Earth and oldest records of microfossils, scientists realized that seafloor hydrothermal vents possess all factors, such as substances, energy and environments necessary for the origin of life. Under hydrothermal condition, not only some organic substances are synthesized through abiotic ways, but also steep physical and chemical gradients occurring in the interface between vents and seawater provide energy to those hyperthermophilic chemolithoautotrophic microbes. These chemolithoautotrophic microbes act as primary producers in hydrothermal ecosystems, and are the species closest to last common ancestor of life on Earth. A systematic introduction is given to the scientific hypothesis of “Life originates from seafloor hydrothermal activity”.
    Progress
    Influenza Virus VS Influenza Vaccine:A Nonstop War Over the Last One Hundred Years
    CAI Yi-Cun;HUANG Chuan;KU Zhi-Jiang;HUANG Zhong
    2009, 31(4):  207. 
    Asbtract ( 966 )   PDF (862KB) ( 885 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics

    In the last one hundred years, several major influenza pandemics occurred, each of which resulted in millions of human deaths. Since this April, the A/H1N1 influenza virus that originally appeared in Mexico has quickly spread to other continents, posing a threat to the global population. Vaccination has been demonstrated to be the most effective way to prevent virus infection and transmission. However, influenza viruses keep mutating constantly. Thus, there is always a battle between newly emerging influenza viruses and the developed corresponding vaccines. In this article, some basic yet important knowledge regarding influenza virus is introduced, and traditional and modern approaches to influenza vaccines are discussed. It is believed that, by employing advanced molecular biology tools and recombinant production technologies, effective influenza vaccines can be rapidly designed and produced for global vaccination in response to potential pandemic threat.
    Innate Immunity and Pattern Recognition Receptors
    LIU Ai-Hua;BAO Fu-Kai
    2009, 31(4):  218. 
    Asbtract ( 958 )   PDF (689KB) ( 1286 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics

      
    Natural Forum
    The Leap Second Should be Abolished or Not
    ZHAO Jun-Liang
    2009, 31(4):  223. 
    Asbtract ( 1016 )   PDF (797KB) ( 839 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A Talk for Densities of Materials
    Shi-Ni-Cheng;LI Guo-Wu
    2009, 31(4):  228. 
    Asbtract ( 1116 )   PDF (1417KB) ( 1194 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Material density is relative to species of elements and their atomic arrangement. Solid material density lies on crystal structure and chemical bonding properties. It is illustrated that the state of density in the Earth’s interior layers and the result of their distinctness. As the depth increases, temperature and pressure will increase, the composition of metallic bond and covalent bond will increase. The density distinctness of celestial bodies is discussed. The research of the state of temperature and pressure in the Earth’s layers will conducive to the exploiture and improvement of synthetic materials.
    Science Review
    Exploration by Science and Technology Innovation
    SHI Xin
    2009, 31(4):  233. 
    Asbtract ( 881 )   PDF (786KB) ( 851 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Science and Culture
    Mathematical Essence
    Mathematics, Blend as well as Intuitive and Logistic
    XU Li-Quan;MENG Yong
    2009, 31(4):  239. 
    Asbtract ( 2932 )   PDF (1303KB) ( 2068 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Portraits
    Father of DNA Enzymology:Arthur Kornberg
    GUO Xiao-Jiang
    2009, 31(4):  245. 
    Asbtract ( 1021 )   PDF (741KB) ( 1261 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
[an error occurred while processing this directive]