Loading...
中文

Table of Content

    25 April 2015, Volume 37 Issue 2
    Previous Issue    Next Issue
    Invited Special Paper
    Progress of reactive iron burial in the marine and terristrial sediments with its implications to the genesis of source rock in Songliao Basin
    HUANG Yong-jian, WANG Cheng-shan
    2015, 37(2):  79-85. 
    Asbtract ( 275 )   PDF (1102KB) ( 423 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Most of the oil and gas of China originated from the terristrial source rock while with poor constrain on the genesis of these rocks. Recent research on the marine counterpart, however, has shown that the burial of reactive iron is vital for the accumulation of organic carbon. This paper reviewed the iron cycle and its biogeochemical effects in the lake, and suggested that the reactive iron burial in the lake sediments should be affected by the sulfate reduction just like in the marine realm. The enhanced sulfate reduction will cause the large scale release of the nutrients, i.e., mainly the phosphate that will in turn stimulate the eutrophication of the lake favorable for the production and burial of organic carbon. Marine incursion events occurred during the evolution of the Songliao Basin
    which would have contributed for the formation of the high quality source rock in the Songliao Basin.
    Black carbon record in ancient geological samples and its responses to the paleoclimate and paleoenvironment
    SONG Jian-zhong, HU Jian-fang, PENG Ping-an, WANG Xiao-qiao
    2015, 37(2):  86-92. 
    Asbtract ( 277 )   PDF (1615KB) ( 636 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Black carbon (BC) are a series of carbonaceous products of the incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuels, that have both high armoaticity and high resistance to degradation, thereby they can be preserved in the geological sediments for thousands to millons of years. Firstly, this paper briefly described the chemical properties of BC and the methods for iaolation and determination of BC in geological samples. Then, the paper summaried the scientific values of BC record in ancient soils and sediments and reviewed the distribution of BC and their significances in paleoenvironments and paleoclimates in various systems. Finally, the new directions in BC biogeochemistry in ancient geological samples were discussed.
    Review Article
    Overview of the Late Mesozoic Paleogene major paleoceanographic and geological events in Eastern Tethyan Ocean
    HU Xiu-mian
    2015, 37(2):  93-102. 
    Asbtract ( 304 )   PDF (6728KB) ( 447 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Eastern Tethyan oceanic sediments now outcropped in Himalayan mountains preserved important information for understanding the evolution both of the Tethyan Ocean and of Mesozoic paleoclimate and palaeoceanography. Based on the stratigraphic record from Tibetan Himalayas, this paper overviewed the studies of paleoceanographic events (oceanic anoxic events, oceanic red beds and oxic events, Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum) and major geological events (Early Cretaceous magmatic event and Late Cretaceous tectonic uplift event in northern Indian margin, India-Asia initial collision event; Eastern Tethyan seaway closure event). The studies of high-resolution biostratigraphy, short-term paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental changes should be strengthened in near future.
    Foraminifera: the small giant in the ocean
    FANG Pei-yue, WILLEMS Helmut, MATSUOKA Atsushi, LI Gang
    2015, 37(2):  103-107. 
    Asbtract ( 379 )   PDF (2395KB) ( 438 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The foraminifers are very small one cell organisms which primarily live in the ocean. Their normal sizes, less than one millimeter, could be observed by the help of a light microscope. Fossil foraminifers are a very important microfossil group which has played an important role in the studies of petroleum geology, biostratigraphy and paleoceanography.
    Variation of paleo-CO2 and greenhouse climate in the geological history: A case study from the Cretaceous of the Mesozoic
    WANG Yong-dong, SUN Bai-nian, HUANG Cheng-min, QUAN Cheng
    2015, 37(2):  108-114. 
    Asbtract ( 484 )   PDF (3828KB) ( 1007 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Mesozoic era is a crucial stage for the Earth development and life evolution, and is particularly significant for bearing typical greenhouse climate that is the closest to today. Among them, the Cretaceous is considered as one of the best example of the greenhouse climate in Earth history. Recent progresses including fossil plant stomata parameters, paleosol isotope and geochemical model, made it possible to synthesize the CO2 variations throughout the Cretaceous. The results showed that atmospheric CO2 levels remained relatively high throughout the Cretaceous, but they were lower in the early Cretaceous, highest in the mid-Cretaceous and gradually declined during the late Cretaceous. However, this overall trend was interrupted by several rapid changes of paleo-CO2 associated with some geological events. It thus showed that the Cretaceous greenhouse climate condition is not as stable as we thought before, but instead with some short-term fluctuations related to the brief episodes of climate change.
    Mathematical Essence
    Modern scheduling and its applications
    TANG Guo-chun, JING Cai-xia
    2015, 37(2):  115-120. 
    Asbtract ( 2081 )   PDF (1267KB) ( 546 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Scheduling is the allocation of machines according to time in order to process the collection of jobs. It is a decision-making with the goals of optimizing one or more objectives. In the past decades, the study of scheduling has been advanced quickly. This article presentd a brief history and the recent developments of modern scheduling theory in China. Then, the applications in three focuses are prospected, namely supply chain, semiconductor manufacturing and surgical operation. A future perspective is provided at the end of the article.
    Progress
    Comprehensive utilization of coal gangue as an associated resource with coal
    ZHEN Qiang, ZHENG Feng
    2015, 37(2):  121-128. 
    Asbtract ( 339 )   PDF (4132KB) ( 437 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The coal gangue is a kind of solid waste produced and discharged in the process of coal exploitation and processing. As one of the largest solid wastes, coal gangue will not only occupy a lot of land but also do great harm to the local environment. This paper summarized the achievement of the coal gangue comprehensive utilization technology in China and abroad. Processing into high value-added industrial products will be a high-efficiency comprehensive utilization way for coal gangue as raw materials.
    Natural Forum
    The controversy around relativity theory
    SHEN Zhi-yuan
    2015, 37(2):  129-133. 
    Asbtract ( 282 )   PDF (986KB) ( 305 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    This paper provides an overview of the controversy around relativity theory. The different opinions are classified into three schools: the accept school, the reject school, the develop school. In this paper, the author listed unarguable experimental facts to disapprove the totally accept school and the totally reject school. The author agrees with the develop school, and provides some ideas for developing relativity theory. Professor Shun-Jin Wang at Sichuan University and the author independently established theories for developing general relativity theory as shown in the references.
    Tidal bore and shock wave
    LIN Bing-yao, PAN Cun-hong
    2015, 37(2):  134-142. 
    Asbtract ( 357 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    100 years ago, the mathematical formulations of describing flows in shallow water and air were found to be the same sometimes, and there were quite a few similarities between tidal bore and shock wave. Consequently, research on tidal bore had a great leap forward. Later, differences between the two phenomena were thoroughly analyzed, uplifting the understanding of the tidal bore to a new level. In reviewing the process of tidal bore studies, we come to know that analog can be used as a tool at the initial stage of exploring a new field or phenomenon; then the study can be pushed forward with the methods used in other disciplines; to a certain extent, comparison should be made timely between the known phenomenon and the new one, focusing on the particularities of the new one. Through seeking common ground and exploring differences, the understanding of a new phenomenon will be more comprehensive and thorough.
    Science Review
    Portraits
    The father of Pill: Carl Djerassi
    DAI Wu-san
    2015, 37(2):  151-156. 
    Asbtract ( 521 )   PDF (2050KB) ( 504 )  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Carl Djerassi (1923—2015), renowned scientist, writer, best known for his contribution to the development of oral contraceptive pills. He was born in Vienna in October 29, 1923, arrived with his mother in the United States in December 1939, studied at several schools, and earned his Ph. D. at the University of Wisconsin in organic chemistry in 1945. In 1949 Djerassi became associate director of research at Syntex in Mexico City, his team later synthesized norethindrone that became part of one of the first successful combined oral contraceptive pills. In 1968, he created Zoecon company and studied on insect control method at industrial park of Stanford University. Djerassi won numerous awards during his career including: the National Medal of Science (1973) for his
    work on the contraceptive pill; the National Medal of Technology (1991) for his initiatives in developing novel, practical approaches to insect control products that are biodegradable and harmless. In his later years, Djerassi devoted himself to literary creation，published five novels and three plays.
[an error occurred while processing this directive]