自然杂志 ›› 2016, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 33-38.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2016.01.005

• 专题综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

土质文物本体中硫酸钠与氯化钠迁移速率的模拟研究

靳治良①②，郝旭强②，陈港泉③，夏寅④，钱玲①，胡红岩①，苏伯民③，周铁④，吕功煊①   

  1. ①中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所羰基合成与选择氧化国家重点实验室，兰州 730000；②北方民族大学化学与化学工程学院，银川 750021；③敦煌研究院保护研究所国家古代壁画保护工程技术研究中心，甘肃 敦煌736200；④秦始皇帝陵博物院陶质彩绘文物保护国家文物局重点科研基地，陕西 临潼 710600
  • 收稿日期:2015-09-01 出版日期:2016-02-25 发布日期:2016-02-23
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2012CB720901、2012CB720905)，国家文物局文物科学和技术研究课题(20110207)和国家科技支撑计划(2014BAK16B00)资助

Simulation study on the migration rate of sodium sulfates and sodium chlorides in soil cultural relics body

JIN Zhiliang①②, HAO Xuqiang②, CHEN Gangquan③, XIA Yin④, QIAN Ling①, HU Hongyan①,SU Bomin③, ZHOU Tie④, Lü Gongxuan①   

  1. ①State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; ②School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beifang University of Nationalities, Yinchuan 750021, China; ③National Ancient Mural Protection Engineering Technology Research Center, The Conservation Research Institute of The Dunhuang Academy, Dunhuang 736200, Gansu Province, China; ④Key Scientific Research Base of Ancient Polychrome Pottery Conservation, State Administration for Cultural Heritage, Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum, Lintong 710600, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Received:2015-09-01 Online:2016-02-25 Published:2016-02-23

PDF

116

被引次数

2

摘要： 以土质文物本体为模拟对象，采用土柱实验的方法，对比研究了由敦煌土制备的土柱中氯化钠(NaCl)和硫酸钠(Na2SO4)在土柱中的迁移速率，计算得到了氯化钠和硫酸钠在土柱中的表观迁移速率。在各种运移方式中，氯化钠的表观迁移速率均较硫酸钠大。氯化钠和硫酸钠在重力作用下自上而下运移时的表观迁移速率较自下而上饱和自然吸附运移时大。SO42-受土质胶体的吸附作用大，加之硫酸钠晶型结构多变，其溶解度随温度升高变化剧烈。上述多重因素在温度交变、干湿循环等环境因素作用下，既导致了硫酸钠在土柱中的运移速率的下降，又同时对土柱造成严重粉化和结构破坏，进而影响到土质文物本体的保护。

关键词: 土柱实验, 氯化钠, 硫酸钠, 迁移, 表观迁移速率

Abstract: Taking the soil cultural relics body as the object, the migration rates and the migration coefficients of Na2SO4 and NaCl were obtained by means of the soil column experiment. The apparent permeability coefficients of NaCl were greater than those of the Na2SO4  in various migration patterns. The apparent migration coefficients from top to bottom with the action of gravity were greater than those of from bottom to top. Due to the facts that Na2SO4 was more easily adsorbed by soil colloid and its crystal structure was changeable, its solubility was dramatically increased with temperature. Thus the apparent permeability coefficient of Na2SO4  was reduced. At the same time, the serious powder and structural damage in soil column were caused by Na2SO4 . And then the deep effects on the soil cultural relics body were found when the Na2SO4  participated in.

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