自然杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 132-136.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2019.02.006

• 综合考察 • 上一篇    下一篇

澳大利亚墨累-达令河流域水文气候变化的影响与适应对策

宁理科，罗勇†，姜彤，苏布达，徐影，陈杰，张彦军，聂肃平，王永光，颜明，王艳君，柳鑫，顾磊   

  1. ①中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室，北京 100101；②清华大学 地球系统科学系 地球系统数值模拟教育部重点实验室，北京 100084；③南京信息工程大学，南京 210044；④中国气象局 国家气候中心，北京 100081；⑤武汉大学 水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室，武汉 430072；⑥中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室，北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-08 出版日期:2019-04-25 发布日期:2019-04-22
  • 作者简介:罗勇，通信作者，研究方向：气候-水-能源。
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展计划(2017YFA0603703)和国家自然科学基金(41701023)资助

Field excursion of the hydrology-climate of Murray Darling Basin in Australia

NING Like①②，LUO Yong②，JIANG Tong③，SU Buda④，XU Ying④，CHEN Jie⑤，ZHANG Yanjun⑤，NIE Suping④，WANG Yongguang④，YAN Ming⑥，WANG Yanjun③，LIU Xin⑤，GU Lei⑤   

  1. ①Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; ②Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; ③Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; ④China Meteorological Administration National Climate Center, Beijing 100081, China; ⑤State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
    ⑥Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources
    Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2019-01-08 Online:2019-04-25 Published:2019-04-22

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摘要：

应澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织(Commonwealth scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, CSIRO)邀请，2018年4月清华大学组织科技考察团赴澳大利亚墨累-达令河流域开展为期一周的科学考察。考察团从墨累河出海口逆流而上，通过学习交流、现场考察和访问农场等方式，与澳大利亚同行们进行了深入交流，对澳大利亚墨累-达令河流域的气候变化与水的影响与适应对策研究，尤其是陆面水文-气候、极端水文研究、水资源管理体系的最新动态，及其气候变化应对与减缓、极端水文事件风险管理等进一步了解。此次考察对认识多时空尺度的气候-陆面-水文相互作用机理及其对自然强迫和人类活动(含人为强迫和下垫面人类活动)的响应机制，揭示全球气候系统能量-水循环动态演变规律和极端水文事件变化成因，构建全球增暖背景下应对极端水文事件的风险管理体系，提出中国适应性对策具有重要的借鉴意义。

关键词: 墨累-达令河, 极端水文事件, 水权与水价, 盐碱化

Abstract:

At the invitation of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, a scientific research delegation organized by Tsinghua University went to the Murray Darling Basin in Australia for a one-week field excursion in April 2018. The delegation went upstream from the mouth of the Murray Darling River to Canberra, and conducted in-depth exchanges with Australian counterparts and farmers. The research status of hydrology-climate, risk management of extreme hydrological events, water management systems, and climate change mitigation are further understood. The results are beneficial to understand the atmosphericland surface-hydrological interaction mechanism of multi-temporal scale and its impact on natural forcing and human activities, to uncover the response mechanism of forced and underlying human activities, to reveal the dynamic evolution of energy-water cycle and the causes of extreme hydrological events in the global climate system, to construct a risk management system for extreme hydrological events in the context of global warming, and to propose China’s adaptive countermeasures.

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