南海的形成与演变

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2022.01.003

自然杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 31-38.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2022.01.003

南海的形成与演变

孙珍^①②③

①南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)，广州 511458；②中国科学院南海生态环境工程创新研究院，南海海洋研究所，中国科学院边缘海与大洋地质重点实验室，广州 510301；③中国科学院-巴基斯坦高等教育委员会中国-巴基斯坦地球科学研究中心，伊斯兰堡 45320，巴基斯坦

收稿日期:2022-10-11 出版日期:2022-02-25 发布日期:2022-02-21
通讯作者: 孙珍，通信作者，国际大洋发现计划367航次首席科学家，研究方向：海洋构造地质与地球物理观测。
基金资助:
中国科学院王宽诚(K. C. Wong)国际团队项目(GJTD-2018-13)、南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0104)、南海U形海疆线综合研究团队项目(2019BT02H594)、国家自然科学基金重大研究计划“西太平洋地球系统多圈层相互作用”重点项目(92158205)和广东省重点领域研发计划项目 (2020B1111520001)

Evolution of the South China Sea

SUN Zhen^①②③

①Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; ②Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; ③China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences, CAS-HEC, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan

Received:2022-10-11 Online:2022-02-25 Published:2022-02-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 南海是东亚陆缘最大的边缘海，构造类型多样，油气资源丰富。然而，科学家们对于南海如何发育演化成今天的局面、深部的驱动机制以及影响因素尚存在诸多争议。为解决上述问题，科学家在南海开展了大量的地球物理调查以及三轮五次的国际大洋钻探，取得重要进展。文章综合多年来的研究和认识，对南海的成因归属和发育演化历史进行了总结。在此基础上提出尚存在的三个前沿科学问题，包括南海主-被动陆缘转换的机制、南海陆缘破裂方式、南海存在大量岩浆活动的机制等，希望能通过更多深探测手段和更多的大洋钻探去揭示这些问题，从而服务南海的资源开发和灾害预警。

关键词: 边缘海, 深部驱动机制, 演化阶段, 南海

Abstract: South China Sea is the largest marginal sea of the eastern Asia. It has developed complex structures and rich hydrocarbon potential. For a long time, scientists are arguing about how South China Sea evolved into its present situation, as well as the deep driving mechanism and controlling factors. In order to resolve the above-mentioned questions, large amounts of geophysical investigations and 3 turns with 5 International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) expeditions were carried out in South China Sea, which in turn led to significant progress. This paper summarized the dynamic attribute and the evolution history of the South China Sea based on the past decades of research progress. Three existing scientific questions were raised the following summary, including the mechanism of margin transition from active to passive, the breaking up pattern of the South China Sea continental margin and the dynamics of extraordinary large amount of magmatism during the South China Sea evolution. Hopefully these questions can be resolved through more cutting-edge investigation and IODP drilling expeditions, serving for the natural resources exploration and submarine hazards monitoring.

孙珍. 南海的形成与演变[J]. 自然杂志, 2022, 44(1): 31-38.

SUN Zhen. Evolution of the South China Sea[J]. Chinese Journal of Nature, 2022, 44(1): 31-38.

参考文献

[1] SUN Z, LIN J, QIU N, et al. The role of magmatism in the thinning and breakup process of the South China Sea continental margin [J]. National Science Review, 2019, 6(5): 871-876. https://doi. org/10.1093/nsr/nwz116.

[2] LI F, SUN Z, YANG H, et al. Continental interior and edge breakup at convergent margins induced by subduction direction reversal: A numerical modeling study applied to the South China Sea margin [J]. Tectonics, 2020, 39: e2020TC006409. https://doi. org/10.1029/2020TC006409

[3] SUN L H, SUN Z, ZHANG Y Y, et al. Multi-stage carbonate veins at IODP site U1504 document Early Cretaceous to Early Cenozoic extensional events on the South China Sea margin [J]. Marine Geology, 2021, 442: 106656. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.margeo.2021.106656.

[4] TAYLOR B, HAYES D E. Origin and history of the South China Sea basin [M]//HAYES D E. The tectonic and geologic evolution of Southeast Asian Seas and islands: part 2. Washington D C: American Geophysical Union, 1983: 23-56.

[5] BRIAIS A, PATRIAT P, TAPPONNIER P. Updated interpretation of magnetic anomalies and seafloor spreading stages in the South China Sea: Implications for the Tertiary tectonics of Southeast Asia: Journal of Geophysical Research, 1993, 98: 6299-6328.

[6] 李家彪, 丁巍伟, 吴自银, 等. 南海西南海盆的渐进式扩张[J]. 科学通报, 57(20): 1896-1905.

[7] LI C-F, XU X, LIN J, et al. Ages and magnetic structures of the South China Sea constrained by deep tow magnetic surveys and IODP Expedition 349 [J]. Geochemistry Geophysical Geosystems, 2014, 15: 4958-4983. DOI:10.1002/2014GC005567.

[8] 汪品先. 亚洲形变与全球变冷—探索气候与构造的关系[J]. 第四纪研究, 1998(3): 213-221.

[9] WU J, SUPPE J, LU R, et al. Philippine Sea and East Asian plate tectonics since 52 Ma constrained by new subducted slab reconstruction methods [J]. J Geophys Res Solid Earth, 2016, 121: 4670-4741. DOI:10.1002/2016JB012923.

[10] WU J, SUPPE J. Proto-South China Sea plate tectonics using subducted slab constraints from tomography [J]. Journal of Earth Science, 2018, 29(6): 1304-1318. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583- 017-0813-x.

[11] LI F C, SUN Z, YANG H F. Possible spatial distribution of the Mesozoic volcanic arc in the present-day South China Sea continental margin and its tectonic implications [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2018, 123: 6215-6235. https:// doi.org/10.1029/2017JB014861.

[12] TAPPONNIER P, PELTZER G, LEDAIN A Y, et al. Propagation extrusion tectonics in Asia: New insights from simple experiments with plasticine [J]. Geology, 1982, 22(4): 611-616.

[13] KARIG D E. Origin and development of marginal basins in the western Pacific [J]. J Geophy Res, 1971, 76(11): 2542-2561.

[14] 郭令智, 施央申, 马瑞士. 西太平洋中、新生代活动大陆边缘和岛弧构造的形成及演化[J]. 地质学报, 1983, 57(1): 11-21.

[15] HALL R. Reconstructing Cenozoic SE Asia [M]//HALL R, BLUNDELL D J. Tectonic Evolution of Southeast Asia. Geological Society Special Publication. No.106. London: Geological Society Pub House, 1996: 203-224.

[16] SUN Z, ZHONG Z H, KEEP M, et al. 3D analogue modeling of the South China Sea: A discussion on breakup pattern [J] Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2009, 34: 544-556. DOI:10.1016/ j.jseaes.2008.09.002.

[17] HUANG C-Y, WANG P X, YU M M, et al. Potential role of strikeslip faults in opening up the South China Sea [J]. National Science Review, 2019, 6: 891-901. DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz119.

[18] SUN Z, JIAN Z, STOCK J M, et al. South China Sea rifted margin. Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program, 367/368: College Station, TX (International Ocean Discovery Program)[EB/OL].(2011-10-11) https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp. proc.367368.2018.

[19] 孙珍, 李付成, 林间, 等. 被动大陆边缘张-破裂过程与岩浆活动：南海的归属[J]. 地球科学, 2021, 46(3): 770-789.

[20] YANG F, HUANG X L, XU Y G, et al. Plume-ridge interaction in the South China Sea: Thermometric evidence from Hole U1431E of IODP Expedition 349 [J]. Lithos, 2019, 324/325: 466-478.

[21] ZHANG G L, CHEN L H, JACKSON M G, et al. Evolution of carbonated melt to alkali basalt in the South China Sea [J]. Nature Geoscience, 2017, 10: 229-236. DOI: 10.1038/NGEO2877.

[22] MARUYAMA S, SANTOSH S, ZHAO D. Superplume, supercontinent, and post-perovskite: Mantle dynamics and anti-plate tectonics on the Core-Mantle Boundary [J]. Gondwana Research, 2007, 11: 7-37. DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2006.06.003.

[23] LIN J, XU Y G, SUN Z, et al. Mantle upwelling beneath the South China Sea and links to surrounding subduction systems [J]. National Science Review, 2019, 6(5): 877-881. https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/ nwz123.

南海的形成与演变

Evolution of the South China Sea

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 0

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价