自然杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 63-72.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2023.05.011

• 科技进展 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于微纳米技术的细胞内递送的物理方法

袁子群①，毛志宇②，高兴华②，胡国辉③，巫金波②，张萌颖①   

  1. ①上海大学 理学院，上海 200444；②上海大学材料基因组工程研究院，上海 200444；③上海大学 力学与工程科学学院，上海 200444
  • 出版日期:2024-02-25 发布日期:2024-02-20
  • 通讯作者: 张萌颖，研究方向：纳米材料与微流控技术。

Physical methods for intracellular delivery based on micro and nano technologies

YUAN Ziqun①, MAO Zhiyu②, GAO Xinghua②, HU Guohui③, WU Jinbo②, ZHANG Mengying①   

  1. ①College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; ②Materials Genome Institute of Shanghai University, Shanghai
    200444, China; ③School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
  • Online:2024-02-25 Published:2024-02-20

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摘要： 随着生物医药学的发展，向细胞内递送外源性大分子在基础生物学和临床应用中至关重要，但基于病毒载体的传统生物方法存在通量低、毒性大、递送性能低以及耗时等问题。文章综述了电穿孔、声穿孔、微注射和细胞挤压等基于细胞膜破坏实现胞内物质递送的技术，这些通过微纳米技术完成的高通量胞内物质递送的物理方法，可以弥补传统生物方法的很多缺陷，实验证明了其在保证细胞活性的基础上具有可观的转染效率。文章重点描述了基于细胞挤压实现细胞内递送的微流控操作平台与其机理，并讨论各种通过膜破坏技术完成细胞药物或分子递送技术的优势、局限性和发展前景。

关键词: 胞内递送, 微纳米技术, 微流控, 转染效率, 细胞活性

Abstract: The delivery of exogenous macromolecules into cells is very important in both basic biology and clinical applications, but the traditional biological methods using viral vectors have problems such as low throughput, high toxicity, low delivery performance and time consuming. In this review, it is summarized that electroporation, sonoporation, microinjection, cell extrusion and other technologies to achieve intracellular delivery based on cell membrane destruction. These physical methods of high throughput intracellular delivery through micro and nano technology can avoid many defects of traditional biological methods, and experiments have proved that they can achieve considerable delivery efficiency while guaranteeing cell activity. We focus on recent development emergence of microfluidicplatform based cell extrusion for gene delivery and their mechanisms, and discuss the advantages, limitations and development prospects of these technologies for delivering cellular drugs or molecules through cell membrane destruction.

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