自然杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 382-388.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2023.04.014

• 科技进展 • 上一篇    下一篇

神经丝轻链蛋白在自身免疫性脑炎中的研究

童晓岚,潘雪,高娟   

  1. 上海大学 医学院,上海器官修复工程技术研究中心,上海 200444
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-31 出版日期:2023-10-25 发布日期:2023-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 高娟,通信作者,研究方向:心血管病的发生机制研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82170390)、上海市科委自然科学基金项目(21ZR1422700)

Research progress of neurofilament light chains in autoimmune encephalitis

TONG Xiaolan, PAN Xue, GAO Juan   

  1. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
  • Received:2022-12-31 Online:2023-10-25 Published:2023-10-25

摘要: 自身免疫性脑炎(autoimmune encephalitis, AE)是一类与神经元自身抗体或中枢神经系统(central nervous system, CNS)自身免疫生物标志物相关的炎症性中枢神经系统疾病的总称。神经丝轻链蛋白(neurofilament light chain, NfL)是神经元细胞骨架中选择性表达最多且最为重要的蛋白质,已有研究证实NfL水平升高可以作为多种神经退行性疾病发生或发展的重要标志物。最近的研究发现,NfL与AE的早期筛查与诊断、疾病发展与治疗以及预后检测与评估等有关,有望成为AE疾病治疗的潜在生物标志物。基于此,文章从NfL的基本结构功能、检测方法和AE疾病诊断等方面进行了综述,尤其是对NfL在AE的前期诊断筛查、疾病进展监测和预后治疗评估方面的作用进行了着重分析,表明NfL在AE临床治疗中的潜在应用前景。

关键词: 神经丝轻链蛋白, 自身免疫性脑炎, 生物标志物, 诊断与治疗, 预后评估

Abstract: Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is an inflammatory disease in central nervous system (CNS), which is related with neuronal autoantibodies or CNS autoimmune biomarkers. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is selectively expressed and the most important protein in neuronal cytoskeleton. The elevated NfL has been confirmed as a biomarker for the development or progression of various neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies have shown that NfL is associated with early      screening/diagnosis, disease progression/therapy and prognostic checking/assessment of AE, which is expected to be a potential biomarker for AE therapy. Therefore, NfL is systematically reviewed from basic structure and function and detection methods to AE diagnosis, especially emphasizing on early screening diagnosis, disease progress monitoring and prognosis treatment evaluation.