微纳米机器人指的是尺度在微纳米级别(几纳米至几百微米)的微型机器人，其能够将磁能、光能、声能或其他形式的能量转化为机械运动，具备能完成更高效、更精确局部诊断和靶向治疗的潜在功能，在生物医学领域有广阔的应用前景。文章详细介绍了微纳米机器人的制备方法，阐述了相关驱动手段，总结了其在靶向医疗应用方面的研究进展，并讨论了其在活体应用时面临的挑战以及未来的发展方向。
Micro/nanorobots can be defined as tiny robots with typical dimensions at the micro/nanoscales (several nanometers to hundreds of micrometers), which can convert magnetic, light, ultrasound or other forms of energy into their mechanical motion. The potential capabilities of localized diagnosis and treatment with higher precision and efficiency make the micro/nanorobots a
promising tool for a variety of biomedical applications. This article reviews recent research progress in preparation, driving of the
micro/nanorobots, with a special focus on their preliminary applications for directed drug delivery in vivo. In addition, we discuss the challenges of in vivo applications and future trends.
