土壤微塑料污染已成为全球性环境问题，并日益受到国内外学者的关注。文章综述了中国土壤环境中微塑料的研究进展，分析了土壤环境中微塑料的污染来源和环境行为，探讨了微塑料污染的生态环境效应。研究表明，微塑料污染在中国土壤中普遍存在。土壤中检测到的微塑料丰度可达10⁵ 个/kg量级，它们呈现出不同的形状、大小、颜色，具有多样的化学组成且可能携带其他污染物。微塑料的特征一定程度上反映了微塑料的来源，同时也影响其环境行为和生态环境效应。微塑料暴露可以引起土壤物理性质的改变，甚至影响土壤生态系统的功能和安全。微塑料还可以通过土壤生物沿着食物链在更高营养级生物体内富集。区域土壤微塑料排放估算和预测、微塑料浓度影响因素以及微塑料碳储存等方面的研究仍存在较大空缺，有待进一步深入研究。

Microplastic pollution in soil becomes a global environmental problem and attracts increasing attentions from scholars at home and abroad. This paper reviewed the progress of microplastics in soil environment in China, analyzed the pollution sources and environmental behaviors of microplastics in soil environment, and discussed the ecological and environmental effects of microplastics pollution. The results indicate that microplastic pollution is widespread in our soil. The abundance of microplastics detected in the soil can reach 10⁵ /kg. Microplastics detected in the soil environment show in different shapes, sizes, colors, and have a variety of chemical compositions and may carry other contaminants. These characteristics reflect the origin and experience of microplastics to some extent, and affect their environmental behaviors and ecological environmental effects. Exposure of microplastics can cause changes in the physical properties of the soil, and even affect the function and safety of the soil ecosystem. Microplastics can also be enriched in higher trophic organisms through soil organisms along the food chain. There are still many aspects in the quantification and estimation of microplastic emissions in regional soils, the influencing factors of microplastics concentration, and microplastics-carbon, which need to be further studied.