最近的研究表明，在城市、偏远山区及远洋大气中均检测到丰度可观的微塑料，并指出大气是微塑料迁移，特别是全球性、长距离迁移的重要载体，大气传输深刻改变海陆环境中微塑料的通量机制。文章综述了目前大气微塑料的理化性质、 潜在来源、迁移过程以及对人类的毒理学效应。结果显示：大气微塑料以纤维和碎片为主；大部分微塑料样品尺寸集中在较窄的区间，其中小于0.5 mm的微塑料数量占主导；颜色多样，以黑、白及无色透明为主；化学成分包括30多种合成聚合物和纤维素等天然聚合物；室内为大气微塑料的重要来源。大气微塑料溯源及迁移机制研究的主要手段是模型，但其应用较少。目前，对大气微塑料的研究还处于早期阶段，缺乏标准的采样和检测规程，而全球尺度的大气微塑料及其对人类的毒理学效应研究还需要进一步加强。

Recent studies have shown that significant abundances of microplastics were detected in atmosphere of cities, remote mountainous areas and the pelagic areas. The atmosphere is an important carrier for the microplastics, especially for the global and long-distance transport, which profoundly changes the flux mechanism of microplastics between marine and terrestrial environments. In this paper, the physicochemical properties, potential sources, transport processes and toxicological effects on human beings of atmospheric microplastics are reviewed. The main shapes of atmospheric microplastics are fiber and fragment. The size of most atmospheric microplastics is concentrated in a narrow range (< 0.5 mm is dominant). The color is variable, mainly black, white and transparent. The types of polymers include more than 30 kinds of synthetic polymers and some natural polymers such as cellulose. Indoor emission is an important source of atmospheric microplastics. The transport and source appointment of atmospheric microplastics are mainly studied by model at current, but its application is less. At present, the research on atmospheric microplastics is in an early stage, and there is a lack of standard sampling and detection procedures. The global research on atmospheric microplastics and the toxicological effects of atmospheric microplastics on human needs to be further studied.