心力衰竭是各种心脏疾病的终末阶段，其高死亡率和再住院率一直是治疗的难点。经过多年的临床和基础研究，心力衰竭的诊疗进展迅速。现行的国家心力衰竭指南将心力衰竭分为多个类别，对每个类别都有具体的诊疗方法。文章根据中国、美国和欧洲的心力衰竭指南，从流行病学、病因与诱因以及各类心力衰竭的诊疗、并发症和预后管理等方面对心力衰竭进行全面介绍。简要分析并整理现有的基础研究和临床试验，以期使更多读者了解该疾病。

Heart failure is the terminal stage of various heart diseases, and its high mortality and re-hospitalization rate are always been a difficulty in treatment. After years of clinical and basic research, the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure have updated
rapidly. The current national heart failure guidelines have subdivided heart failure into multiple categories, and have specific diagnosis and treatment methods for each category. This review provides a comprehensive introduction to chronic heart failure in terms of epidemiology, etiology and triggers, diagnosis and treatment of heart failure, complications and prognosis management based on the Chinese, American and European heart failure guidelines. It also makes a brief analysis and outlook for existing clinical trials, in order to make more readers understand the disease.