主动脉瘤/夹层(AAD)是一种病死率极高的灾难性心血管疾病，而高血压是其最常见的基础疾病。AAD主要的病理生理机制是由包括炎症聚集、细胞外基质(ECM)降解、活性氧自由基(ROS)大量生成、血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs)异常增殖迁移及凋亡增加导致的主动脉结构和功能薄弱。众所周知，运动对心血管疾病的防治至关重要，但在AAD患者中实施运动防治仍受限制，究其原因是担心运动期间血压升高会导致AAD破裂。然而，目前研究发现合理的运动不但未增加AAD扩张、破裂的风险，且可通过调控AAD基础疾病，拮抗病理生理的损害，延缓AAD的进展。文章结合近年来的研究，综述了运动对AAD的保护机制，为临床深入探究AAD的防治提供更广泛的思路和依据。

Aortic aneurysm/dissection (AAD) is a catastrophic cardiovascular disease with extremely high mortality, and hypertension is the most common underlying disease. The main pathophysiological mechanisms of AAD include inflammatory aggregation, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, massive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), abnormal proliferation and migration

of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and increased apoptosis resulting in weak aortic structure and function. Exercise is essential for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, but the implementation of exercise prevention and treatment
research in patients with AAD is still limited due to concerns that the increase in blood pressure during exercise can lead to rupture
of the AAD. However, current studies have found that reasonable exercise not only does not increase the risk of AAD expansion and rupture, but also can delay the progression of AAD by regulating the underlying diseases of AAD and antagonizing pathophysiological damage. In this paper, combined with the research in recent years, the protective mechanism of exercise on AAD is reviewed, which provides a broader idea and basis for clinical in-depth exploration of the prevention and treatment of AAD.