视网膜退行性疾病是主要的致盲疾病之一，患者的视觉功能会逐渐丧失直至失明。临床常见的视网膜退行性疾病主要包括视网膜色素变性、年龄相关的黄斑变性、糖尿病视网膜病变、黄斑营养不良等。随着基因治疗、干细胞和新材料等技术的发展，临床上出现了一系列针对不同类型视网膜退行性疾病的治疗方法和理念。文章系统梳理了视网膜退行性疾病的发病特征，介绍了药物治疗、基因治疗、干细胞治疗以及视觉假体在视网膜退行性疾病临床治疗上的最新应用，以期为视网膜退行性疾病患者的临床治疗提供借鉴和参考。

Retinal degeneration is one of the leading causes of visual impairment. Patients gradually lose their visual function. In many cases, blindness is inevitable. The most prevalent retinal degeneration diseases include retinitis pigmentosa, age-related  macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, Stargardt macular dystrophy. With the development of gene therapy, stem cell therapy and visual prosthetic material, a surge of clinical trials for retinal degeneration therapies have emerged. In this article, we summarized the characteristics of retinal degeneration, and discussed the latest applications of pharmacotherapy, gene replacement therapy, stem cell therapy, and visual prosthesis in the clinical treatment for retinal degeneration. We hope that this article provides inspiration for future prospects in restoring impaired visual function.