病毒是造成人类疾病和死亡的主要原因之一，新的致命病毒以及现有病毒耐药性的出现对医疗、制药和生物技术部门构成了严重挑战。尽管针对病毒疫苗的研究已经受到了广泛的关注，研究人员仍不断致力于开发新型、广谱的抗病毒药物和材料。目前纳米技术的进步为开发新型抗病毒材料提供了便利，通过对纳米材料进行修饰，可使其具有显著的理化性能以及更好的抗病毒效果。无机抗病毒材料因具有较好的生物相容性、低成本和低毒性等优点，给抗病毒药物的开发带来了新思路。文章总结了近年来碳基材料、金属及金属氧化物等无机抗病毒纳米材料的研究现状及重要成果。

The emergence of new and lethal viruses and drug resistance are major causes of human disease and death, posing serious challenge to the medicine, pharmacy and biotechnology sectors. Despite widespread interest in viral vaccines, researchers continue to develop new broad-spectrum antiviral drugs. Recent advances in nanotechnology have facilitated the development of new antiviral materials. Using nano-scale modification, materials obtain significant physical and chemical properties and better anti-viral performance. Inorganic antiviral materials have the advantages of good biocompatibility, low cost and low toxicity, which bring new ideas to the development of antiviral drugs. In this paper, the research status and important achievements of inorganic antiviral nanomaterials, such as carbon-based materials, metals and metal oxides, are summarized.