在全球变暖背景下，北极冰冻圈正在发生显著变化。近几十年来，北极海冰总体呈退缩状态，面积减少、厚度减薄、体积减小，预计到21世纪中叶夏季，海冰将完全消失。北极海冰的减少对生态系统、大气环流、海洋环流、中纬度天气气候以及社会经济发展等均产生影响。北极海冰变化及其影响研究可为北极可持续发展提供重要支撑，同时也可增加中国在北极的话语权，保障中国的北极权益。

The Arctic cryosphere has experienced substantial changes under global warming. Arctic sea ice has been steadily receding, with diminishing area,  thickness, and volume in recent decades. It is projected that the sea ice will vanish entirely during summers by mid-century. This decline in Arctic sea ice has profound impacts on ecosystems, atmospheric circulation, ocean currents, mid-latitude weather and climate, as well as socio-economic development. The study on the changes of Arctic sea ice and their impacts is vital for the Arctic’s sustainable development. Additionally, it also helps to enhance China's discourse power, and safeguard our interests in the Arctic.