2015年的诺贝尔物理学奖颁给了Takaaki Kajita(梶田隆章)和Arthur B. McDonald，他们在分别领导的大气和太阳中微 子实验中发现了中微子振荡。这种现象表明中微子具有质量，相关实验结果是超出粒子物理标准模型的重大发现。通过介绍 这些实验以及相关的物理，以期读者对中微子研究有较为全面的了解，并对物理的知识体系和研究方法有比较清楚的认识。

 The Nobel Prize in Physics 2015 was awarded to Takaaki Kajita and Arthur B. McDonald, who led experiments on atmospheric and solar neutrinos, respectively. These experiments discovered neutrino oscillations, which showed that neutrinos have mass. These seminal results revealed new physics beyond the standard model of particle physics. An introduction is given to these experiments and the relevant physics in the hope that readers would get an overall impression of research on neutrinos and a proper appreciation of the knowledge acquired and the methodology used by physics.