衰老作为生物体必然经历的生理过程，一直得到科学家们的广泛关注。从20世纪30年代发现限制大鼠饮食能够延长寿命以来，科学家们已经利用多种模式生物对衰老现象进行探索，并尝试阐明衰老的机理。随着神经退行性疾病等衰老相关疾病成为越来越严重的健康问题，衰老研究对于个人健康和老龄化社会的可持续发展显得愈发重要。文章从稳态失衡这一公认的衰老原因与表型出发，简述衰老的分子机制与干预方法。

Ageing, as an inevitable stage of life, is always in the focus of biology. Since dietary restriction was identified to extend life span in rats in 1930s, various model organisms have been used to explore the phenotypes and mechanisms of ageing. Ageingrelated diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, became the major risk factor of health. The research on ageing is more and more important to individuals’ health and the sustainable development of the ageing society. Herein, we briefly summarize the molecular mechanisms and interference of ageing from the viewpoint of degenerating homeostasis, which is widely considered as the cause and phenotype of ageing.