Chinese Journal of Nature ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 45-53.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2023.01.005

• Review Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Applications of optical tweezers and DNA nanotechnology in membrane biology

LIN Xiaona①②, SHI Lijun, YE Yang, WANG Yunyun, MA Lu, YANG Yang, BIAN Xin   

  1. ①School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; ②Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School
    of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; ③National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and
    Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; ④State Key
    Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology/Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses/College of Life Sciences, Nankai University,
    Tianjin 300071, China
  • Received:2022-06-24 Online:2023-02-25 Published:2023-02-21

Abstract:

Biological membranes are platforms for signal transduction and material transport in cellular activities. In recent years, the applications of multidisciplinary approaches have shed new lights on the mechanisms of membrane protein-mediated membrane fusion and division, vesicle formation and secretion, and lipid metabolism etc. For example, the single-molecule optical tweezers, which accurately and quantitatively detect the interactions between proteins and membranes, provide a powerful approach to understand the regulatory mechanisms of such interactions at spatiotemporal level. In addition, DNA nanotechnology, which uses DNA molecules to construct programmable and self-assembled nanostructures, provides molecular devices that can be precisely modified and functionalized. The hydrophobically modified DNA nanostructures can act on phopholipid bilayers or biological membranes to modify lipid properties, modulate membrane structures, control membrane parameters and regulate transmembrane communications. The advances in these techniques will contribute to the mechanistic study of cell biology, the analysis and detection of secretory vesicles, the optimization of artificial liposome preparation, and the development of new drugs and carriers. These techniques will also provide novel systems for synthetic biology, chemical biology, and molecular medicine.