Abstract: The physico geographical features, issues of land degradation, eco reconstruction, utilization of water and land resources, as well as regional development in Northwest Arid Region of China are dealt with in the present paper. Main types of land degradation include sandy desertification, secondary salinization and grassland degradation. As concern eco reconstruction human being should respect for nature, for example, tree planting and afforestation in a large scale are not suitable, to conducting measures such as eco restoration and natural conservation are useful for environmental management. From the point of view of regional development, more attention should be paid to rational utilization and exploitation of water and land resources, as well as coordination and overall planning in development between various regions.

Key words: northwest arid region，land degradation，eco reconstruction