Abstract: Geographic First Law (also called Tobler First Law, TFL) was primarily introduced by Waldo Tobler, an American geographer, and then spread and applied as one of the fundamentals of quantitative spatial analysis. However, the concepts of geographic distance and spatialadjacency have been only vaguely defined to adapt practical applications. It was suggested to add timedimension, so that the concepts would be clearer. Therefore, the concept of “flow” is applied to understand and express distance and adjacency, resulting in a concept of spatialtemporal proximity, in order to advance wider applications of TFL.

Key words: geographic first law, flow, spatiotemporal, adjacency, spatial relationship