Abstract:

 Invented more than 150 years ago, lead-acid battery has been the dominant portion in the second battery market with the widest applications in industry and daily life due to its unique advantages, such as low cost, mature technology，reliable performance and sound safety. In this paper, the principle, the history, the invention processes, the components, and the applications of lead-acid battery are reviewed. Finally, the future development directions and application prospective of lead-acid batteries are discussed.

Key words:  lead-acid battery, principle, history, development, application