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中文

Table of Content

    20 February 2008, Volume 30 Issue 1
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    Articles
    Managing wildlife resources for balance of conservation and utilization
    MA Jian-zhang;CHENG Kun
    2008, 30(1):  1-5. 
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    The relationship between wildlife and human is very close since ancient period and people have the responsibility to manage wildlife resources. The conception and values of wildlife were discussed, and a brief history of wildlife management was reviewed in this paper. Some key questions were indicated to improve six main aspects of wildlife management: game management, endangered wildlife management, wildlife in protected area, wildlife damage management, urban wildlife management and human dimensions of wildlife management.
    Opportunities and Challengers of Basic Research on Soil and Water loss in China
    LI Rui
    2008, 30(1):  6-11. 
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    Soil and water loss has become a major global environment problem that has a severe impacts on human survival and sustainable development. To address this, Soil erosion process and control research has been put in the national basic research program (973) in 2006.. The project will focus on the process of soil erosion in four water-erosion regions namely, the gentle hilly black soil regions in northeast China, the Loess Plateau in northwest China, the red soil hilly region in south China and the purple-soil hills in southwest China. The project plans to address the following three problems: the formative process and driving mechanism of the soil erosion in water erosion regions, the theory and methods for developing a model of soil erosion in complicated conditions, and the theory and regulating mechanism for evaluating the impacts of water and water loss and the benefits of soil and water conservation. In particular it aims to:(1)Establish the scientific basis for soil and water conservation;(2)Resolve some specific unanswered questions;(3)Establish the mechanisms of runoff and sediment transport;(4)Develop an integrated multi-scale model for monitoring and forecasting soil erosion;(5)Establish a methodology to assess the impact of soil erosion and soil and water conservation measures. Its primary objective is to establish the fundamental causes of soil erosion and its driving mechanisms. The project will supply scientific basic for soil and water conservation decision making..

    The Retrospection and Prospect on Soil Erosion Research in China
    ZHENG Fen-li;WANG Zhan-li;YANG Qin-ke
    2008, 30(1):  12-16. 
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    This paper outlined history of soil erosion research in China. Based on analyzing challenges and opportunities of soil erosion research, strengthening research fields on soil erosion research were proposed, including soil erosion processes and mechanisms, soil erosion prediction models, environmental impact assessment of soil erosion, soil erosion disaster forewarning, the major project and global change impact on erosive environment, and new technologies and methods for soil erosion research.
    Success and Treatment Measures of soil and water conservation with Chinese character
    ZHANG Xing-chang;GAO Zhao-liang;PENG Ke-shan
    2008, 30(1):  17-22. 
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    Water and Soil loss as the root of many natural disasters has many disadvantages on environment. The total soil loss area of the world is more than 25 million square kilometer and in China is 3.56 million square kilometer. Since the year of 1945, 0.92 million square kilometer soil loss area has been treated and 0.113 million square kilometer basic farmland has been built. Soil loss as an all-around Systematic Design is the lifeline of mountainous area development, the root of Land Reclamation and River Regulation, the basic of the development of economy and society, the China’s Basic National Policy that we should long adhere to. From the development of one hundred years, the scientific system of soil and water conservation with Chinese character has been built. In 21 century the science and technology research of soil and water conservation has a chance for advancement and at the same time face some challenges. Under the system analysis of development actuality and questions of soil and water conservations in china, the development stratagem, task, target and key measures of 10-15 years about soil and water conservation in china have been brought forward.

    Study on mitigation and remediation of environmental disasters in grassland of China
    GAO Zhao-liang
    2008, 30(1):  23-27. 
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    Grassland is not only herding resources, but also influences soil conservation, ecological balance, climate adjustment, and windbreak and sand-fixation as well. Grassland is closely relative with herdmen’s living and production. Protection of grassland resources and prevention of its disasters are accordingly significant. The paper analyzed the background of grassland of China and the categories and causes of disasters. The results showed that the categories of disasters include drought, wind, biology, desertification, degradation, salinity, heavy snow, fire et al.. The cause of disasters involved both natural factor and human being. Over-cultivation and excess-carrying biology are the main factors from human being. At last, the paper put forward the countermeasures to the grassland disasters.
    Study on Sediment-yield Characteristics of Different Land Use in Loess Hilly Region
    Lian Zhenlong;Liu Puling;Xu Xuexuan;He Ping④
    2008, 30(1):  28-31. 
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    By analysis of the data of field simulated rainfalls, this paper makes the conclusion that in the Loess Hilly Region, the critical rainfall intensity that can distiguish the two main runoff-production modes on grass and bushes ranges from 1.40 mm/min to 1.45mm/min. And on bare sloping field, the critical rainfall intensity that make sharp transfomation of sediment-yield intensity ranges from 1.50mm/min to 1.53mm/min. At the same time, this paper talks over the sediment-yield charicterdistics of different land use, and finds their corelative equation. Results indicate the great benefits of vegetation on decreasing slope soil erosion.
    Study on the Origin of Bird Flight
    LI Zhi-heng;ZHANG u-guang;ZHOU Zhong-he
    2008, 30(1):  32-38. 
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    The origin of bird flight is a disputed issue in the field of evolutionary biology over past decades．The initial study mostly focused on the discussion of the evolutionary path（e．g．，the cursorial versus arboreal hypothesis）for bird flight，and more recently，more studies have been made concerning the transitions of key flight structure such as skeletons and muscles in the process of the origin of the flight of birds．This paper aims to provide a brief introduction of the history of the study of bird flight and present a summary of some recent studies in this area give a summary introduction in the recent progress and existing debate from the two aspects mentioned above．
    Symmetry and crystallography
    SHI Ni-cheng;Li Guo-wu
    2008, 30(1):  44-49. 
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    The symmetry is concerning basic rule, which must be followed when the integer was constructed by parts. The pleasant impression of the thing was materialized by the consonance between the integer and the parts. The symmetry rules were exerted perfectly in crystallography. The space group theories of traditional crystallography still have leading meaning for crystal structure determination in current crystallography. The symmetry characters of quasiperiodic crystals and incommensurable phases were discussed. The possibility was suggested that the plane constitute in art was designed using the plane group theory in crystallography.

    Competition in Benefits Mankind
    ZHAO Zhuo-xi
    2008, 30(1):  50-54. 
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    Search for the Giant Rhino’s Trace
    DENG Tao
    2008, 30(1):  55-57. 
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