关键词: 第四代半导体, 超宽禁带, 超窄禁带, 金刚石, 氧化镓

Abstract: Compared with the first three generations of semiconductors, the fourth-generation semiconductors have not only achieved breakthroughs in material types but also made a qualitative leap in performance, showing great application potential in multiple fields. This article outlines the definition, classification, core advantages, application fields, and prospects of fourth-generation semiconductors, and points out the challenges they face.