关键词: 传粉互作, 被子植物大规模辐射, 协同演化, 白垩纪琥珀

Abstract: The large-scale radiation of angiosperms transformed Cretaceous terrestrial ecosystems, a process closely linked to plantinsect pollination. While early co-evolutionary dynamics are often obscured by fossil limitations, exquisitely preserved Cretaceous amber containing both pollen and insects provides crucial insights. This paper reviews major pollinating insect groups found in Cretaceous amber, including extant orders and some extinct lineages, revealing complex pollination networks involving Cretaceous gymnosperms and early angiosperms. Evidence indicates that generalized gymnosperm pollination systems and corresponding insect adaptations were established well before the angiosperm radiation. During the early stages of this radiation, some existing pollinators shifted to new angiosperm hosts, potentially connected with the subsequent reorganization of terrestrial ecosystems. Ultimately, Cretaceous amber fossils illuminate the critical co-evolution of plants and insects during the Angiosperm Terrestrial Revolution.